Acids, Bases & Salts

Question 1

1. Is the salt soluble? Yes / No
2. Yes -> Is it Na, K or NH4 salt? Yes / No
3. No -> Is the metal Unreactive? Yes / No

Answer 1

1. No -> Precipitation | Yes -> go to 2
2. Yes -> Titration | No -> go to 3
3. Yes -> Dissolving & Filtering ( Acid + Base / Carbonate
   No -> Dissolving & Filtering ( Acid + Metal)

Question 2

What is Titration?

Answer 2

Method used to make the salts of metals such as sodium, potassium and ammonium. You have a burette filled with acid and the conical flask filled with alkali. You do one rough titration and then 3 accurate ones. You add indicator the conical flask to see the color change. Stop adding acid when the color has changed.

Question 3

What is Precipitation?

Answer 3

Mixing two soluble salts make two new combinations of ions possible, if one of them is insoluble, you have you precipitate

Question 4

Solubility rules

Answer 4

1. All nitrates are soluble
2. All sulphates are soluble except Ba, Ca, Pb, (Ag only a bit)
3. All chloride, bromides and iodides are soluble except Ag, Pb
4. All carbonates & hydroxides are insoluble except Alkali metals

Question 5

Molarity

Answer 5

Molarity = mol/dm3

Question 6

Molar Mass

Answer 6

Molar Mass = g/mol

Question 7

cm3 to dm3

Answer 7

1000cm3 = 1 dm3
eg. 25cm3

25/1000 = 0.025

25cm3 = 0.025dm3

Question 8

Standard Solution

Answer 8

Solution in which a known mass of solute is contained in a known volume of solution

Question 9

Molarities equation

Answer 9

mol/dm3 x dm3 –> mol —– x or / or none—> mol->mol/dm3 x dm3