Acoelomate & Pseudocoelomate Flashcards
Acoelomate
Mesoderm completely lines the ectoderm and endoderm
Pseudocoelomate
Mesoderm lines the ectoderm, but not the endoderm. Creates a pseudocoelom.
Coelomate
Mesoderm lines both the ectoderm and endoderm, while also creating a cavity.
Platyhelminthes Common Name? A/pseudo/true coelomate? \_\_\_blastic? Symmetry? \_\_\_ skeleton? Complete/incomplete digestive tract? Mono/di-ecious
Flatworms Acoelomate Triploblastic Bilateral symmetry Hydrostatic skeleton Incomplete Monoecious
Cephalization
Concentration of sense organs and organ control to the head of the body
Flatworm/Platyhelminthes special kidney
Flame cells - used to maintain ionic balance of ammonia and for osmoregulation
Monecious vs dioecious
Mono - individuals have both gametes
Di - two genders; individuals have one set of gametes
What has ingestion?
Planaria and fluke
What is absorption feeders?
Tape worm
Human Liver Fluke Life Cycle:
1) Humans eat raw/undercooked fish containing encysted ______
2) Protective cyst prevents digestion and young flukes emerge in the small intestine
3) ______ migrate to liver through bile duct and develop into an _____ liver fluke
4) Reproduces
5) Fertilized eggs travel into intestine and exit human body with feces
6) Fertilized eggs eaten by _____
7) Eggs hatch and _____ develops
8) _____ (larva stage)
9) _____ (larva stage)
10) _____ (free-swimming larva stage
11) Cercaria leave snail and burrow into skin of _____
12) Become dormant matacercaria cyst
13) Eaten by _____
1) metacercaria
3) Juveniles; adult
6) Snails
7) Miracidium
8) Sporocyst
9) Redia
10) Cercaria
11) Fish
13) Human
Clades of Platyhelminthes and common name (3)
Tubellaria - planaria (paraphyletic)
Trematoda - flukes
Cestoda - tapeworms
Why is cephalization beneficial?
Keeps same part of body forward at all times
Tubellaria - Planarians Eyespots Pharynx Auricle Mouth Gastrovascular cavity Cerebral ganglia Flame Cells Pharyngeal cavity
Function Sense light Extension of gastrovascular cavity; From sheath in body Chemoreceptor; detect chemicals Hole where pharynx comes from Reaches throughout body to spread nutrients Simple nervous system around eyespots Act as kidney; help with osmoregulation Houses pharynx
Trematoda - flukes Oral and ventral sucker Mouth Pharynx Testes Ovary Uterus Cerebral Ganglion Gastrovascular cavity Excretory pore
Function
Point of attachment to host; feeding
Feeding
Tube for pumping in blood and body fluids from host
Produce sperm
Produces eggs
Stores shelled, fertilized eggs; windy dark tubes
Acts as brain
Forked tube for digestion and distribution of nutrients
Releases waste out of body
Cestoda - tapeworms Hooks and suckers Scolex Neck Immature proglottids Mature proglottids Gravid proglottids Testes Ovary Uterus
Function Attachment to host Anterior end of tapeworm; attach to intestinal wall of host Constricted; signifies posterior end of scolex Newly Produced Sexual reproduction Filled with eggs Produce sperm Produce eggs Eggs stored there
Nematoda Common Name A/pseudo/true-coelomate Symmetry? \_\_\_\_\_ skeleton? Mono/di-ecious? Locomotion? Segmented yes/no? Complete/incomplete digestive tract? Simple/complicated excretory system? Circulatory & respiratory systems yes/no?
Answer: Roundworms Pseudocoelomate Bilateral Symmetry Hydrostatic skeleton Mostly dioecious Longitudinal muscles only Unsegmented Complete digestive tract Simple excretory system No circulatory or respiratory systems
Cuticle
Flexible, resilient exoskeleton
Nematoda - Ascaris Pharynx Intestine Vagina (F) Uteri (F) Oviduct (F) Ovaries (F) Testes (M) Vas deferens (M) Seminal vesicle (M) Spicules (M) Lateral lines Longitudinal muscles Pseudocoel Dorsal & ventral nerve cord
Function
Pumps food through mouth into intestine
Digestive tract where absorption of nutrients occurs
Terminal portion of female reproductive tract
Branched; where developing eggs mature
Repository for eggs produced
Produces eggs
Produces sperm
Transports sperm from testes to the seminal vesicles
Transports sperm from vas deferens to the spicule
Used by males during copulation
Canals responsible for eliminating metabolic waste
Muscles on internal body wall
Inside cavities
Transmit nerve impulses
Differences between male and female ascaris
Males have hooked tail and are larger
Females have Y-shaped vagina
Rotifera - philodina
Mastax
Corona
Foot
Function
Bulb-like structure with muscles that control jaws
Enables locomotion
Posterior end
Two distinct features possessed by nematodes that are evolutionary milestones
Lateral lines - excretory system
Complete digestive tract
