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Animal diversity > Acoelomates and pseudocoelomates > Flashcards

Acoelomates and pseudocoelomates Flashcards

1
Q

what is an acoelomate

A

organisms with a solid body with the area filled with mesoderm cells

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2
Q

what is a pseudocoelomate

A

organisms with a fluid filled body cavity partially lined with tissue derived from the mesoderm

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3
Q

outline the characteristics of pseudocoelomates

A
  • covered by a cuticle
  • no organs for gas exchange
  • poorly cephalised
  • complete digestive tract
  • interstitial fauna
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4
Q

what are the 9 phylum of pseudocoelomate

A

1) nematoda
2) rotifera
3) gastrotricha
4) nematomorpha
5) acanthocephala
6) kinorhynca
7) loricifera
8)priapulida
9) entoprocta

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5
Q

outline some characteristics of the phylum nematoda

A
  • long, cylindrical and tapered at both ends
  • thick cuticle
  • important in decomposition
  • feed on animal and plant fluids
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6
Q

give some examples of parasitic nematoda found in humans

A

1) hookworms = juviniles enter skin of feet enter blood stream and carried to lungs were they are swallowed into the intestine for adult stage
2) ascarids = eggs ingested through faecal contamination
3) filarial nematodes = vector born and cause blockages in the lymphatic system

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7
Q

what is elphantiasis

A

caused by the parasite filarial nematode which causes blockages in the lymphatic system

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8
Q

how can parasitism be exploited

A

some parasites are highly host specific which can be used to form a biological control as the parasite only affects a single species

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9
Q

outline some characteristics of the phylum rotifera from the pseudocolemate

A
  • trunk with lorica and posterior foot with adhesive glands
  • anterior end has a crown of cilia called the corona
  • swim with cilia
  • fresh water mostly
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10
Q

outline the characteristics of the phyla gastrotricha from pseudocolemates

A
  • bottle shaped body with ventricle surface ciliated in stomach hairs
  • glide on surfaces propelled by ventrical cilia
  • feed on bacteria
  • life span less than 40 days
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11
Q

outline characteristics from the phylum nematomorpha from the pseudocolemates

A
  • mostly fresh water
  • long hair like bodies 40cm long
  • closley related to nematodes
  • juviniles parasitic in arthropods with adults being free living in water
  • cause hosts to drown themseleves
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12
Q

outline the characteristics of the phylum acanthocephala from pseudocolomates

A
  • endoparasities of aquatic and terrestrical vertebrate digestive systems
  • less than 5cm big
  • anthropoids are the immediate host
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13
Q

outline the characteristic of the phylum kinorphyncha

A

anterior end of the body is spiny
micorscopic animals that burrow through marine sediments

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14
Q

outline the phylum loricifera

A
  • identified in 1983
  • marine sediments
  • abodmen has a lorica
  • 0.25mm long
  • spiny anterior end
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15
Q

outline characteristics from the phylum priapulida

A
  • worm like marine animals
  • burrow in sand and mud
  • anterior forms an introvert which can be pushed in and out
  • teeth present at the end of the intoverted for prey
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16
Q

outline the characteristics of the phylum entoprocta

A
  • anus inside ring of tentacles
  • all marine bar one species
  • attached to rocks and shells
  • less than 5mm in size
17
Q

what is a coelomate

A

organisms with a fluid filled body cavity completely lined with tissue derived from the mesoderm

18
Q

what is the peritoneum

A

the tissue lining the eucoelomate animals is a layer of epithelial cells
the peritoneum is always Infront of internal organs

19
Q

what is a mesenterey

A

when organs extend so far into the coelom they become suspended by a fold of the peritoneum called the mesentery

20
Q

what are the colemate phyla divided into

A

1) protostomes
2) deuterostomes
3) lophophorates
separated based on embryology

21
Q

what is an annelida

A

a phylum of protostome’s in coleomate organisms with elongated bodies
their coleom is surrounded by longitudinal and circular muscles bands forming a hydrostatic skeleton

22
Q

what is meant by metameric segmentation

A

the bodies are composed of repeated segments with a cilium which lines it (repeated organs in each segment)

23
Q

what are the 3 classes under the phylum annelida

A

1) polychaetes
2) clitellata
3) sipuncula

24
Q

what is a polychaeta

A

a class in the phylum annelidia with two parts to is head
1) prostomium which carries sense organs
2) peristomeum which carries tentacles and a mouth

25
Q

what are the two divisions of the class of polychaeta in the phylum annelidia

A

1) errant = mobile forms
2) sedentary = sessile forms

26
Q

what is a clitellata

A

a class of organisms in the phylum anneldia including earthworms
- reduced head and no appendages
- has a clitellum
- diet of DOM

27
Q

what is a clitellum

A

a thick glandular section of the body wall which secretes a viscid sac in which eggs are deposited

Animal diversity (13 decks)

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