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Environmental Law > Acronyms > Flashcards

Acronyms Flashcards

1
Q

ALJ

A

Administrative Law Judge.
Person presiding over most adjudicatory hearings
required under the APA

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2
Q

APA

A

Administrative Procedure Act.
Establishes administrative procedures for
federal agency rulemaking and adjudication 5
U S.C. Chapter §§ 551-559 Also contains
provisions dealing vvith judicial review of
agency actions 5 USC §§ 701-706

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3
Q

AQCR

A

Air Quality Control Region.
Areas designated under section 107 of the CAA as
either attainment, non-attainment or
unclassifiable with respect to NAAQS

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4
Q

ARAR

A 
Applicable Relevant and Appropriate
Requirements. 
Requirements for the level of
cleanup at CERCLA sites that are derived
from other statutes. The requirement to meet
ARARs is contained in section 121(d) of
CERCLA
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5
Q

ATSDR

A

Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry.
Federal agency responsible,
among other things, for undertaking health
assessments at Superfund sites under section
104 of CERCLA

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6
Q

BAT or BACT

A

Best Available Technology or
Best Available Control Technology.
Technology based
efiluent limitations applicable to toxic
and non-toxic/non-conventional pollutants
under the CWA, BAT limits were to be met by
1989 under section 301(b)(2)(C), (D) and(F)
Factors used in establishing BAT are specified
in section 304(b )(2)

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7
Q

BADT

A 
Best Available Demonstrated
Technology. 
Technology-based levels applicable
to new sources under section 111 of the CAA
and section 306 of the CWA Also known as
NSPS or New Source Performance Standard
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8
Q

BCT or BACT

A

Best Conventional Technology or Best Available Conventional Technology.
Technology-based effluent limitations applicable to conventional pollutants under the CWA and which are to be met by 1989 under section 301(b)(2)(E). Factors used in establishing BAT are specified in section 304(b)(4)

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9
Q

BDAT

A

Best Demonstrated Available Technology.
Technology-based pretreatment limits for hazardous wastes under section 3004(m) of RCRA. Hazardous wastes meeting BDAT may be land disposed without violating the RCRA land ban prohibition.

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10
Q

BMP

A

Best Management Practice.

Methods for controlling non-point sources of pollution under the CWA that are contained in an area-wide management plan.

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11
Q

BOD

A

Biological Oxygen Demand.
A method for specifying the amount of organic material in wastewater by measuring the amount of oxygen that will be removed from water as microorganisms consume the organic material BOD is a conventional pollutant under CWA

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12
Q

BPJ

A

Best Professional Judgment.
A case-by-case determination of a facility’s effluent limitations under the CWA that is typically performed when national effluent limitations guidelines have not yet been promulgated

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13
Q

BPT or BPCT

A

Best Practicable Technology or Best Practicable Control Technology.
Technology-based effluent limitations applicable to all types of pollutants under the CWA and which are to be met by 1977 under section 301(b)(1)(A). Factors used in establishing BAT are specified in section 304(b)(1)

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14
Q

CAA

A

Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 7401 to
7671q. The primary federal statute dealing
with the control of air pollution

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15
Q

CERCLA

A

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 42
USC. §§ 9601 to 9675 [Also known as
Super fund]. The primary federal statute
dealing with the cleanup of sites contaminated
with hazardous substances

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16
Q

CEQ

A

Council on Environmental Quality.
Office with primary responsibility for establishing policies for implementation of NEPA, including promulgation of general NEPA regulations. Established under section 202 of NEPA

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17
Q

CFC

A

Chlorofluorocarbon. Class of chemicals that cause depletion of stratospheric ozone. Regulated under Title VI of the CAA and the international agreement known as the Montreal Protocol

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18
Q

CFR

A

Code of Federal Regulations. Annual compilation of federal regulations

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19
Q

CO

A

Carbon Monoxide. A odorless and poisonous gas. Carbon monoxide has been designated a criteria pollutant under section 108 of the CAA and has an NAAQS under section 109 of the CAA

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20
Q

CTG

A

Control Technology Guidance documents issued by EPA that are used to establish RACT requirements under the CAA

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21
Q

CWA

A 
Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251 to
1387 [Also known as the FWPCA or Federal
Water Pollution Control Act] The primary
federal statute dealing with the control of
water pollution.
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22
Q

CZMA

A

Coastal Zone Management Act, 16
USC §§ 1451 to 1464 Federal statute which,
among other things, requires planning for
activities that affect coastal areas

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23
Q

DMR

A

Discharge Monitoring Report. Facility’s report on the amount of pollutants that are discharged, They are used to evaluate compliance with NPDES permit requirements

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24
Q

DO

A

Dissolved Oxygen. The amount of oxygen found in water. Greater levels of dissolved oxygen are beneficial for many types of aquatic life

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25
Q

DOE

A

Department of Energy

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26
Q

DOI

A

Department of the Interior

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27
Q

EA

A

Environmental Assessment. Document prepared under NEPA to determine whether an EIS must be prepared.

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28
Q

EDF

A

Environmental Defense Fund. A private, public interest environmental organization

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29
Q

EIS

A

Environmental Impact Statement. Document required under section 102(2)(C) of NEPA for “major federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment.”

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30
Q

EPA

A

Environmental Protection Agency. Federal agency with primary responsibility for implementation of the major federal pollution control statutes.

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31
Q

EPCRA or EPCRTKA

A

Emergency Planning Community Right-to-Know Act, 42 USC.
§§ 11001 to 11050 Portion of CERCLA
adopted in 1986 that requires, among other
things, reporting of the presence of certain
hazardous substances to local planning officials
and annual reporting of the amount of
hazardous substances that have been released

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32
Q

ESA

A

Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S C
§§ 1531 to 1544. Primary federal statute
dealing with actions that affect endangered or
threatened species·

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33
Q

FDF

A

Fundamentally Different Factors variance. A variance from effluent limitations guidelines (other than NSPS) established under the CWA. FDF variances are authorized under section 301(n) of the CWA

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34
Q

FIFRA

A

Federal Insecticide Fungicide Rodenticide Act, 7 US C §§ 136 to 136y
Federal statute regulating the sale, labeling
and use of pesticides

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35
Q

FIP

A

Federal Implementation Plan. Federal plan promulgated by EPA under the CAA when a State fails to prepare an adequate SIP.

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36
Q

FOIA

A

Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S C
§ 552 Federal statute requiring release of
most types of documents in the possession of
the federal government.

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37
Q

FONSI

A

Finding of no Significant Impact. A determination under NEPA that an EIS does not need to be prepared.

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38
Q

FWPCA

A

Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U 8 C, §§ 1251 to 1387 [Also known as the
CWA or Clean Water Act] The primary federal
statute dealing with the control of water
pollution

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39
Q

GATT

A

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. An international agreement addressing the free trade in goods that was originally adopted in 1948. GATT was incorporated into the international agreement that established the World Trade Organization in 1995.

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40
Q

HAP

A

Hazardous Air Pollutant. Hazardous air pollutants designated under section 112 of the CAA.

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41
Q

HC

A

Hydrocarbons. A class of chemicals that are involved in creation of ground level ozone and formation of smog.

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42
Q

HCP

A

Habitat Conservation Plan. THe plan to minimize and mitigate impacts on endangered species that is required under section 10 of the Endangered Species Act in order to obtain authorization for the incidental take of endangered species

43
Q

HRS

A

Hazard Ranking System. Procedures used in identifying sites for inclusion in the NPL under CERCLA.

44
Q

HSWA

A

Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments Major amendments to RCRA adopted in 1984

45
Q

ICS

A

Individual Control Strategy. Control measures required under section 304(l). THey are applied to certain point sources in order to assure that streams will meet water quality standards for toxic pollutants

46
Q

I/M

A

Inspection and Maintenance
Requirements for inspection of air pollution control equipment on automobiles in areas that are non-attainment for ozone under the CAA.

47
Q

LAER

A

Lowest Achievable Emission Rate. Emission limitation applicable to new or modified major sources in non-attainment areas under section 173(a)(2) of the CAA.

48
Q

LDR

A

Land Disposal Restrictions. Restrictions established under RCRA to implement the “land ban”

49
Q

LEV

A

Low Emission Vehicles. Types of low polluting vehicles that will be required in certain areas that areas that are non-attainment for ozone under the CAA.

50
Q

LUST

A

Liquid Underground

Storage Tanks

51
Q

MACT

A

Maximum Achievable Control Technology. Technology-based emission limit for major sources of hazardous air pollutants under section 112 of the CAA

52
Q

MSDS

A

Material
Safety Data Sheet. Document containing information about certain toxic chemicals that employees must be provided under the OSH Act

53
Q

MSWLF

A

Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Municipal landfills receiving solid waste (and hazardous wastes from small quantity generators and households) subject to special requirements under Subtitle D of RCRA

54
Q

NAAQS

A

National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Ambient concentrations of certain designated criteria pollutants under section 109 of the CAA. Primary NAAQS are established to protect “public health” Secondary NAAQS are established to protect “public welfare”

55
Q

NCP

A

National Contingency Plan. Federal regulations establishing requirement for, among other things, the cleanup of hazardous substances under CERCLA

56
Q

NEPA

A

National Environmental Policy Act. Act, 42
U.S C §§ 4321 to 4370d Federal statute that,
among other things, requires federal agencies
to prepare EISs

57
Q

NESHAP

A

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants. General term for restrictions on the emission of hazardous air pollutants under section 112 of the CAA

58
Q

NGO

A

Non-governmental Organization. Private organizations that are involved in the formation and implementation of international environmental policy

59
Q

NOx

A

Nitrogen Oxides. A class of chemicals that are involved in production of smog. Nitrogen dioxide has been designated a criteria pollutant under section 108 of the CAA and has an NAAQS under section 109 of the CAA.

60
Q

NPDES

A

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Permit system under the CWA that is applicable to point sources of pollutants. Issuance of NPDES permits is government by section 402 of the CWA

61
Q

NPL

A

National Priority List. List established under section 105 of CERCLA of the worst sites containing hazardous substances

62
Q

NRDC

A

Natural Resources Defense Council. A private, public interest environmental organization

63
Q

NSPS

A

New Source Performance Standards. Technology-based levels applicable to new sources under section 111 of the CAA and sectin 306 of the CWA. Also known as BADT or Best Available Demonstrated Technology

64
Q

NWF

A

National Wildlife Federation. A private, public interest environmental organization

65
Q

O3

A

Ozone. A highly reactive form of oxygen containing three oxygen atoms. Ozone at ground level has adverse effects on human health and the environment. Ozone in the stratosphere is important in blocking ultraviolet radiation. Ozone has been designated a criteria pollutant under section 108 of the CAA and has an NAAQS under section 109 of the CAA

66
Q

OCS

A

Outer Continental Shelf. Offshore area around U.S. coasts that extends to the point where the ocean floor drops sharply.

67
Q

OMB

A

Office of Management and Budget. Executive office with certain responsibilities to review activities of regulatory agencies that have major affects on the U.S. economy

68
Q

OPA

A

Oil Pollution Act, 33 U.S.C. §§ 2701 to
2761. Act adopted in 1990 which, among other
things, establishes a CERCLA type liability
system for the cleanup of oil released into
navigable water.

69
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Agency in the Department of Labor with responsibilities for protection of worker heath and safety under the OSH Act

70
Q

OSH Act

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U S.C. § 651 et seq. Federal statute
that, among other things, provides for the
establishment of occupational safety and
health standards for toxic pollutants in the
workplace

71
Q

PCB

A

Polychlorinated biphenyls. Class of hazardous chemicals that are regulated under TSCA

72
Q

pH

A

A measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance. pH is a conventional pollutant under CWA. pH is also used to measure the corrosivity characteristic under RCRA

73
Q

PM-10

A

Particulate matter. PM-10 has been designated a criteria pollutant under section 109 of the CAA and has an NAAQS under section 109 of the CAA. It is called PM-10 because it only includes particulates that are less than 10 microns in diameter

74
Q

POTW

A

Publicly Owned Treatment Works.

Municipal sewage treatment plants under CWA

75
Q

PRP

A

Potentially Responsible Parties.

Class of persons who are responsible for the cleanup of hazardous substances under section 107(a) of CERCLA

76
Q

PSD

A

Prevention of Significant Deterioration
Program,
established in Part C of the CAA,
regulating air pollution in areas with air
quality than is better than that required by
NAAQS.

77
Q

PSES

A

Pretreatment Standards for Existing Sources
Technology-based standards
applicable to existing sources that discharge
pollutants to POTWs under section 307(b) of
the CWA

78
Q

PSNS

A 
Pretreatment Standards for New Sources. 
Technology-based standards
applicable to new sources that discharge
pollutants to POTWs under section 307(b) of
the CWA
79
Q

RACM

A

Reasonably Available Control Measures.
Control requirements applicable to
existing sources in non-attainment areas under
the CAA.

80
Q

RACT

A

Reasonably Available Control Technology.
Technology-based control
requirements applicable to existing sources in
non-attainment areas under the CAA

81
Q

RCRA

A

Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act, 42 U.S C. §§ 6901 to 6992k. The primary
federal statute dealing with the management
and disposal of hazardous waste

82
Q

RFP

A

Reasonable Further Progress.
Requirement under the CAA that states make
incremental progress toward meeting NAAQS
in non-attainment areas prior to the final
compliance date

83
Q

RI/FS

A

Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study.
A preliminary assessment performed
under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act to
determine the proper level and means of
cleanup of a site contanrinated with hazardous
substances

84
Q

ROD

A

Record of Decision.
A final document prepared under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act that documents EPA’s decision on
the proper level and means of cleanup of a site
contaminated with hazardous substances

85
Q

SARA

A

Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act.
Major amendments to
CERCLA that were adopted in 1986

86
Q

SDWA

A

Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 US C
§§ 300f to 300j-26. Federal statute regulating
chemicals in public drinking water supplies. It
also contains the separate UIC program

87
Q

SEPA

A

State Environmental Policy Acts.

Term for state laws that are modeled after NEPA

88
Q

SIP

A

State Implementation Plan. State plan
required by section 110 of the CAA that
specifies state requirements for achieving
NAAQS

89
Q

SOx

A

Sulfur oxides Class of chemicals that,
among other things, are involved in production
of acid rain. Sulfur oxides have been
designated a criteria pollutant under section
108 of the CAA and has an NAAQS under
section 109 of the CAA.

90
Q

SWMU

A

Solid Waste Management Unit. An
area where solid or hazardous wastes were
disposed of that may be subject to cleanup
obligations under the corrective action
provisions of RCRA

91
Q

TC

A

Toxicity Characteristic. One of the four characteristics for classifying hazardous wastes under RCRA

92
Q

TCLP

A

Toxicity Characteristic Leachate
Procedure. Procedure for extracting leachate
from a solid waste to determine whether it
exhibits the toxicity characteristic under
RCRA

93
Q

TMDL

A

Total Maximum Daily Loads TMDLs
identify the total amount of a pollutant that
can be discharged into a stream segment
without causing a violation of WQS under the
CWA States are required to develop TMDLs
under section 303(d) of the CWA

94
Q

TRI

A

Toxic Release Inventory.
Database containing information on releases of
hazardous substances that has been submitted
under section 313 of EPCRA

95
Q

TSCA

A

Toxic Substances Control Act, 15
US.C §§ 2601 to 2692. Federal statute
regulating the production and use of toxic
substances.

96
Q

TSDF

A

Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility.
Facilities handling hazardous waste
that are required to have a Subtitle C permit
under RCRA

97
Q

TSS

A

Total Suspended Solids.

A measure of the amount of particulates in water. TSS is a conventional pollutant under the CWA

98
Q

UIC

A

Underground Injection Control.
The UIC program, contained in the SDWA, regulates
the disposal of materials into wells.

99
Q

UST

A

Underground Storage Tanks

100
Q

VOC

A

Volatile Organic Compounds. Class of
air pollutants that are involved in the
generation of ozone in the atmosphere

101
Q

WLA

A

Waste Load Allocation.
Amount allocated to a point source that is its portion of
the total amount of waste that may be
discharged into a water body without violating
WQS. May be used in establishing water quality
standards based eflluent limits in an
NPDES permit

102
Q

WQA

A

Water Quality Act. Amendments to the CWA that were adopted in 1987

103
Q

WQS

A

Water Quality Standards. Standards specifying the use and quality of water in a state required under section 303 of the CWA

104
Q

WTO

A

World Trade Organization. International Organization established in 1995 that is involved in the implementation of certain agreements regarding international trade.

Environmental Law (1 decks)

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