Acronyms F-L

Question 1

FAR

Answer 1

False Acceptance Rate

Metric used to measure the likelihood of granting access to an unauthorized user.

Question 2

FDE

Answer 2

Full Disk Encryption

Security technique that encrypts all data stored on a disk or storage device.

Question 3

FISMA

Answer 3

Develop, document, and implement an agency-wide program for information security

Covers information and systems that support the operations and assets of the agency.

Question 4

FRR

Answer 4

False Rejection Rate

Metric used to measure the likelihood of denying access to an authorized user.

Question 5

FTP

Answer 5

File Transfer Protocol

A protocol used to transfer files between computers over a network.

Question 6

GDPR

Answer 6

Data protection and privacy for individuals within the EU and EEA

Regulation that came into effect on May 25, 2018.

Question 7

GPS

Answer 7

Global Positioning System

A system of satellites used to determine the location of a device.

Question 8

GRE

Answer 8

Generic Routing Encapsulation

A protocol used to encapsulate one type of packet within another.

Question 9

GBAC

Answer 9

Group Based Access Control

Gives access to a group of individuals to the resources they need.

Question 10

HMAC

Answer 10

Hash-based Message Authentication Code

A cryptographic authentication technique that uses a hash function and a secret key.

Question 11

HIDS

Answer 11

Host Intrusion Detection System

Represents an application monitoring a computer or network for suspicious activities.

Question 12

HIPAA

Answer 12

Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act

Federal law enacted in 1996 to protect the privacy and security of patients’ personal health information.

Question 13

HOTP

Answer 13

HMAC-based One-Time Password

Algorithm used to generate one-time passwords for authentication.

Question 14

HSM

Answer 14

Hardware Security Module

Specialized hardware device designed to securely store and manage digital keys.

Question 15

HSTS

Answer 15

HTTP Strict Transport Security

Web security policy mechanism used to protect against protocol downgrade attacks.

Question 16

HTML

Answer 16

Hypertext Markup Language

The standard markup language for creating web pages.

Question 17

HTTP

Answer 17

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Foundation of the World Wide Web used to load webpages.

Question 18

HTTPS

Answer 18

Secure version of HTTP

Uses encryption to protect data in transit.

Question 19

IaaS

Answer 19

Infrastructure as a Service

A cloud computing model providing infrastructure resources by a third-party provider.

Question 20

IAM

Answer 20

Identity and Access Management

Cybersecurity practice that restricts access to organizational resources.

Question 21

ICMP

Answer 21

Internet Control Message Protocol

Network layer protocol used to diagnose network communication issues.

Question 22

IDS

Answer 22

Intrusion Detection System

Monitoring system that detects suspicious activities and generates alerts.

Question 23

IPS

Answer 23

Intrusion Prevention System

Network security technology that actively prevents identified threats.

Question 24

IEEE

Answer 24

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

The world’s largest technical professional society.

Question 25

IKE

Answer 25

Internet Key Exchange ## Footnote Standard protocol used to set up a secure communication channel via VPN.

Question 26

IMAP

Answer 26

Internet Message Access Protocol ## Footnote Protocol used by email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server.

Question 27

IoT

Answer 27

Internet Of Things Devices ## Footnote Physical devices connected to the internet that can exchange data.

Question 28

IP

Answer 28

Internet Protocol ## Footnote Protocol for routing and addressing packets of data across networks.

Question 29

IPv4

Answer 29

Internet Protocol version 4 ## Footnote A 32-bit address usually represented in dotted decimal notation.

Question 30

What does IPv6 provide?

Answer 30

Larger address space for the internet ## Footnote Uses 128-bit addresses, allowing for an almost unlimited number of unique addresses.

Question 31

ISA

Answer 31

Interconnection Security Agreement ## Footnote Document regulating security aspects of a connection between an agency and an external system.

Question 32

ISO

Answer 32

International Organization for Standardization ## Footnote An international standard-setting organization.

Question 33

ISP

Answer 33

Internet Service Provider ## Footnote A company that provides Internet access to customers.

Question 34

JSON

Answer 34

JavaScript Object Notation ## Footnote A lightweight data interchange format.

Question 35

LDAP

Answer 35

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol ## Footnote Protocol for locating data about organizations, individuals, and resources in a network.

Question 36

LEAP

Answer 36

Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol ## Footnote A network authentication mechanism for validating users' identity for Wi-Fi access.

Question 37

HSM

Answer 37

Hardware Security Module - a specialized physical device designed to securely generate, store, and manage cryptographic keys used for encryption and decryption