ACT review

Question 1

What is aircrew coordination?

Answer 1

cooperative interaction among crewmembers necessary for safe, efficient, and effective performance of flight tasks

Question 2

Description of aircrew coordination

Answer 2

set of principles, attitudes, procedures, and techniques that transform individuals into an effective crew

Question 3

Purpose of aircrew coordination

Answer 3

enhances the vital communication between all crewmembers and streamlines the sequence and timing.

Question 4

3 names used for aircrew coordination

Answer 4

1)Cockpit resource management
2)Integrated resource management
3)Crew coordination

Question 5

What is ACT built upon?

Answer 5

Commercial aviation and tactical aviation experience

Question 6

What are 6 errors/failures associated with aircrew coordination?

Answer 6

1)Failure of P* to properly direct assistance from crewmembers

2)Failure of crewmember to announce decision or action that affected the ability of other crewmembers to properly perform duties

3)Failure of crewmember to communicate positively

4)Failure of PC to assign crew responsibilities properly before and during mission

5)Failure to offer assistance or info that was needed

6)Failure of P* to execute flight actions in sequence

Question 7

What changes were made by the identification of 6 aircrew coordination?

Answer 7

1)Aircrew coordination in every ATM task
2)Development of annual ACT sustainment training

Question 8

Patterns begin with?

Answer 8

-Accomplishment of crew-level pre-mission planning, rehearsal, AARs

Question 9

What is included in pre-mission planning?

Answer 9

-Preparatory tasks associated with accomplishing the mission

-Assigning crewmember responsibilities and conducting all required briefings and brief-backs

Question 10

What is entailed in mental rehearsal?

Answer 10

1) Visualizing, discussing potential problems
2)Contingencies
3)Assigned responsibilities

Question 11

What should be done after the mission?

Answer 11

debrief, review, and critique major decisions, their actions, and task performance

Question 12

What is basic quality?

Answer 12

Addresses the relationships among the crew and the overall climate of the flight deck

Question 13

What is an effective crew?

Answer 13

1) Assertive crewmembers engaged

2)Member of productive team, help without request

3)Entire crew participates

4)Analystical style of decision making

5) Cockpit relaxed and friendly

6)Crewmembers provide timely/clearly stated information to one another

Question 14

What is an ineffective crew?

Answer 14

1) Unable to balance task and personal considerations

2) Frustrated crewmembers

3) Only providing min details to crewmembers

4) Left wondering about actions, duties, and responsibilities

5) Business-like cockpit

Question 15

Rank leadership

Answer 15

1)Commissioned/Warrant officer
2)Enlisted crewmember

Question 16

Duty position leadership

Answer 16

1)Platoon Leader
2)Aviator

Question 17

Cockpit leadership

Answer 17

1)SP
2)IP
3)PC
4)PI

Question 18

Definition of leadership from any crewmember?

Answer 18

Any crewmember with the appropriate technical knowledge, skills, and information at a given time

Question 19

Define authority vs assertiveness?

Answer 19

Approval from PC to inquire, advocate, and assert. If not given, frustration my result

Question 20

6 critical phases of team building

Answer 20

1)Unit orientation and battle-rostering
2)Pre-mission planning and rehearsal
3)Task execution
4)Crew-level AAR
5)RON and TDY

Question 21

Define lack of support

Answer 21

Failure of crew members to back each other up

Question 22

Define SOP ignored

Answer 22

Failure to use check list or other guidance under time and pressures

Question 23

Define stress problems

Answer 23

Difficulty in adapting to situations

Question 24

Define judgement problems

Answer 24

Management of priorities and distractions distort judgement process

Question 25

Define emotional problems

Answer 25

Aggression or extreme submissiveness in the aircraft affect personal relations or where there is a carry-over of domestic worries and conflict to the job

Question 26

Define management problems

Answer 26

Deferral to management authority (expediting departure)

Question 27

Define communication problems

Answer 27

No attention to standardized vocabularies or conversation control

Question 28

Define leadership problems

Answer 28

No delegation of tasks responsibilitiy or attention to comments and suggestions

Question 29

What are the 9 team management problems?

Answer 29

1)lack of support 2)SOP ignored 3)stress problems 4)Judgement problems 5)emotional problems 6)management problems 7)communication problems 8)leadership problems 9)Discipline problems

Question 30

6 Tasks for pre-mission planning

Answer 30

1)VFR flight planning 2)IFR flight planning 3)Terrain flight planning 4)Performance planning 5)Assigning responsibilities 6)Briefings and brief backs

Question 31

Who is responsible ensuring briefing is done?

Answer 31

PC

Question 32

Whos is responsible for obstacle avoidance?

Answer 32

Everyone

Question 33

High probability of aircrew coordination erros when...

Answer 33

1)tactical terrain flight at night 2)cruise phase of terrain 3)crew briefing: failure to assign duties 4)Night proficiency and transition 5)Taxi phase 6)landing approach 7)Hovering flight: not offering assistance 8)Not properly directing 9)Pre-mission planning

Question 34

Events present in aviation accidents..

Answer 34

1)Sudden loss of visual reference 2)Malfunctions 3)Maneuvers during formation flight 4)NVG descents over low contrast surfaces 5)Approaches into tight LZ's w/obstacles 6)Maneuvering too close to obstacles 7)Wire avoidance 8)Threat evasive maneuvers 9)IIMC 10)Terrain flight maneuvers

Question 35

Flight planning

Answer 35

1)Acquire and update mission information 2)Collect and analyze information to all aspects 3)Plan the mission 4)Visualize and rehearse 5)Conduct briefings

Question 36

Flight planning sequence

Answer 36

1)conduct map and aerial reconnaissance 2)Review notams, and reports 3)Assess METT-TC and radio navigation 4)Select modes

Question 37

Mission rehearsals

Answer 37

1)Analyze requirements 2)Break into segments 3)Visualize "flying" 4)Identify segments with time, comms, navigation 5)Identify potential problem and risks 6)Develop strategies

Question 38

Things that affect planning.. (TTCCEI)

Answer 38

1)time available 2)type of mission 3)Crew's familiarity 4)Completeness 5)Experience level 6)Information available to the crew

Question 39

Mission planning benefits

Answer 39

1)increases understanding 2)prepares crewmembers 3)improves synchronization 4)improves crews to establish and maintain lead time 5)Facilitates the decision-making process 6)Reduces risk

Question 40

Decision making techniques (2)

Answer 40

Analytical- structured, systematic, time-consuming Automatic-Quick, immediate, unstructured

Question 41

Define decision making

Answer 41

Act of rendering a solution to a problem and defining a plan of action

Question 42

Hazardous attitudes

Answer 42

1)anti-authority- Don't like people telling them what to do 2)Impulsiveness-Need to do something immediately 3)Invulnerability-Accidents only happen to others 4)Macho- Try to prove they are better than others 5)Resignation- "What's the use", good/bad luck 6)"Get there-itis"- Desire to reach destination at any cost 7)Over-confidence- Swayed by reputation

Question 43

3 Classification of tasks (CIR)

Answer 43

1)Critical tasks-immediate attention (fire, loss of power, fuel out of limit sensing) 2)Important tasks-need response as soon as possible (loss of engine, system loss) 3)Routine tasks-handled in turn, have no serious impact (caution light or advisory)

Question 44

Causes of high workload (PUWACMC)

Answer 44

1)Poor planning 2)Unexpected events 3)Weather and the environment 4)ATC 5)Cockpit design 6)Mission complexity 7)Crew endurance

Question 45

Effects of high workloads (DDULTD)

Answer 45

1)Difficulties in achieving good performance 2)Difficulties w/aircraft control 3)Uncertainty/indecision 4)Loss normal scan 5)Temporal distortion 6)Difficulty communicating

Question 46

Managing high workloads (HDPE)

Answer 46

1)High level of awareness 2)Delegate 3)Prioritize tasks 4)Expand time available

Question 47

Effects of low workloads (LIDC)

Answer 47

1)low awareness 2)Inattention 3)Drowsiness 4)Complacency

Question 48

Managing low workloads (RRR)

Answer 48

1)Rehearse and refine 2)Recheck weather 3)Review emergency procedures

Question 49

Operationally related distractions (CCCC)

Answer 49

1)Caution and warning lights 2)Conflicting traffic 3)Cockpit conversion 4)Checklist-occasional

Question 50

Non-operationally related distractions (FMFS)

Answer 50

1)Financial, medical, and family 2)Supervisors/peers

Question 51

Ways to deal with distractions (IDDH)

Answer 51

1)Ignore 2)Delay 3)Delegate 4)Handle

Question 52

Types of unexpected events..

Answer 52

1)Malfunction 2)Sudden loss of visual reference 3)IIMC 4)Unusual environment conditions 5)Near mid-air collisions 6)Short notice changes 7)Encounters with threat

Question 53

Preparing for unexpected events

Answer 53

1)Technically and tactically proficient 2)Pre-mission planning and rehearsal 3)Reminders during in-flight periods

Question 54

Coping with unexpected events

Answer 54

1)Internal resources- Aircrew, equipment 2)External- Time, other aircraft, tactical controlling agency, ATC

Question 55

Define direct assistance

Answer 55

crewmembers direct or request assistance

Question 56

Communication barriers

Answer 56

Noise (verbal) Word usage Physical Mental Interpersonal Stress Fatigue Emotion

Question 57

Effective communication (EENBA)

Answer 57

1)Effective speaking 2)Effective listening 3)Non-verbal communication 4)Briefing 5)Aircrew communication phases

Question 58

Three phases to aircrew coordination (PIP)

Answer 58

1)Pre-mission planning phase 2)In-flight phase 3)Post-mission phase *Critical in all phases -Inquiry and questioning

Question 59

Crew Coordination Element

Answer 59

1)Announce and acknowledge actions 2)Be explicit

Question 60

What can compromise situational awareness?

Answer 60

1)Stress 2)Boredom 3)Fatigue 4)Anger

Question 61

Situational awareness influences

Answer 61

1)Experience and training 2)Physical flying skills 3)Spatial Orientation 4)Physical and emotional health 5)Attitude

Question 62

Decisions and actions are communicated how?

Answer 62

1)Positive communication 2)Standard terminology 3)Nonverbal communication 4)Accepted procedures

Question 63

Crewmembers should always raise questions during the flight reguarding what?

Answer 63

1)Plans 2)Revisions 3)Actions to be taken 4)Status of key information

Question 64

Cross monitor performance

Answer 64

Cross monitor each other's actions and decisions to reduce likelihood of errors

Question 65

What does the two-challenge rule allow?

Answer 65

Allows one member to automatically assume the duties of another crewmember who fails to respond

Question 66

Recognition of information overload

Answer 66

1)No reaction or confused 2)May require a division of responsibilities 3)Remedy: use of standard terminology

Question 67

2 Types of incapacitation

Answer 67

1)Subtle -over-working, domestic stress, financial problems 2)Gross -Intoxication, sickness

Question 68

3 ways to fix errors in judgement chain

Answer 68

1)2 challenge rule 2)Positive team building 3)Detailed pre-mission planning

Question 69

What is advocacy? (stronger than a recommendation)

Answer 69

Obligation to speak out in support of a course of action different that planned or followed

Question 70

The five step advocacy process

Answer 70

1)Get the attention of the individual 2)State the concern 3)State the problem 4)Offer a solution 5)Obtain an agreement

Question 71

What is assertion?

Answer 71

State a position with some force or conviction

Question 72

What is the importance of advocacy and assertion?

Answer 72

Reduces frustration by allowing the free expression of ideas