ACTH- ONG

Question 1

Secreted when the cortisol level is low

Answer 1

ACTH

Question 2

Regulator of adrenal androgen synthesis

Answer 2

ACTH

Question 3

cell will stop growing; eventually it will decrease in size and tissue will disappear

Answer 3

Atrophy

Question 4

Atrophy in the____

Answer 4

Zona Glomerulosa & Reticularis

Question 5

Tumors formed because of the proliferation of the cells.

Answer 5

Ectopic tumors

Question 6

ACTH SAMPLE CONTAINER

Answer 6

Pre-chilled EDTA tubes

Question 7

ACTH has a tendency to adhere to the glass tubes
Leads to_____ ACTH level

Answer 7

falsely-decreased

Question 8

Structurally related to lactogen and GH

Answer 8

PROLACTIN (PRL)

Question 9

🗣️Beside PRL what hormone is considered lactogenic?

Answer 9

✔ Oxytocin

Question 10

Also known as “Stress hormone” or direct effector hormone

Answer 10

PROLACTIN

Question 11

Most UNIQUE among the anterior pituitary hormone which is regulated through tonic inhibition

Answer 11

PROLACTIN

Question 12

Even with the presence of stimuli, it will respond late but has a long-lasting inhibition

Answer 12

TONIC INHIBITION

Question 13

Rapid response to stimuli but short-term

Answer 13

PHASIC INHIBITION

Question 14

🗣️How is the neurohypophysis connect with hypothalamus?

Answer 14

✔ Hypophyseal Portal System

Question 15

cells producing PRL

Answer 15

Lactotrophs

Question 16

Can reach up to 150 ng/mL PRL secretion

Answer 16

Result to anovulation

Question 17

For men, if they have excessive production of PRL it can result to:

Answer 17

Reduced libido & erectile dysfunction

Question 18

But if greater than 150, that is considered as _____

Answer 18

prolactinoma.

Question 19

🗣️Why is TSH & fT4 necessary?

Answer 19

✔ To help eliminate primary hypothyroidism as the cause of elevation of PRL

Question 20

If value of PRL is greater than 200, it is due ___

Answer 20

to the problem in the adenohypophysis or hypothalamus

Question 21

Pan means _____

Answer 21

“all “ or “complete”

Question 22

Abnormal levels of TSH and fT4 indicates____

Answer 22

Primary Hypothyroidism

Question 23

Complete loss of function of the adenohypophysis

Answer 23

Primary Hypothyroidism

Question 24

Oma: tumors =

Answer 24

adenoma & craniopharyngioma

Question 25

local anemia (1 portion of the body is anemic); decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue

Answer 25

Ischemia:

Question 26

Result of blood loss or hemorrhage or shock in a pregnant woman also known as _____

Answer 26

Postpartum Pituitary gland Necrosis

Question 27

_____ does NOT directly secrete hormones but rather holds or stores hormones coming from the hypothalamus specifically Vasopressin and Oxytocin

Answer 27

Neurohypophysis

Question 28

Supraoptic nuclei:

Answer 28

Vasopressin

Question 29

Paraventricular nuclei:

Answer 29

Oxytocin

Question 30

____ is released by neurohypophysis in response to suckling of the baby or in anticipation for delivery

Answer 30

Oxytocin

Question 31

____means uterus of a woman ready for the delivery of a child;in the last trimester

Answer 31

Gravid uterus

Question 32

Receptors are found on the ____ in the uterus or ____ in the breast

Answer 32

myometrial cell membrane,myoepithelial cell membranes

Question 33

____: days of labor but baby is NOT there yet, NO contraction

Answer 33

Synthetic Preparations

Question 34

Hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 34

AVP

Question 34

Hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 34

AVP

Question 35

TARGET ORGAN OF AVP

Answer 35

Distal convoluted and collecting tubules

Question 36

AVP : URINE PRODUCTION

Answer 36

DECREASE

Question 37

AVP: BP

Answer 37

INCREASED

Question 38

What secretes the AVP?

Answer 38

✔ Hypothalamus

Question 39

🗣️What is the effect once there is a signal received by the neurohypophysis? What will happen?

Answer 39

In the case of AVP, it can stimulate the aquaporins to open

Question 40

After the hormone receptor complex couples with ____, there is cleavage of PIP2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) which causes the production of IP3 (Inositol Triphosphate) and DAG (Diglycerol)

Answer 40

phospholipase C

Question 41

3Ps: ____

Answer 41

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia

Question 42

DIFFERENCES OF DM AND DI

Answer 42

Diabetes Mellitus: increase level of glucose in the blood along with the 3Ps Diabetes Insipidus: 3Ps with normal glucose level

Question 43

Excessive urine production

Answer 43

(greater than 2,000mL/20L per day

Question 44

🗣️Why is there excessive thirst?

Answer 44

If the patient has DI and hypothalamic thirst center is intact.

Question 45

Normal ADH, impaired ADH receptors

Answer 45

NEPHROGENIC DI

Question 46

Kidneys fail to respond to ADH levels

Answer 46

NEPHROGENIC DI

Question 47

ADH deficient, normal ADH receptor

Answer 47

NEUROGENIC DI

Question 48

OVERNIGHT WATER DEPRIVATION TEST OTHER NAME

Answer 48

Concentration Test

Question 49

Serum/ Plasma osmolality is measured every

Answer 49

4 hrs

Question 50

Urine volume/osmolality is measured every

Answer 50

2 hrs

Question 51

🔊After administration of desmopressin, if urine osmolality still remains below 300 mOsm/kg even a

Answer 51

NEPHROGENIC DI

Question 52

After administration of desmopressin, if urine osmolality remains below 300 mOsm/kg and rises greater than 800 after desmopressin

Answer 52

NEUROGENIC DI