Active and Passive Transport Flashcards
(14 cards)
Passive Transport
Movement of Substances across the cell membrane that does NOT REQUIRE ENERGY (High concentration to low concentration)
Active Transport
Movement of particles across a membrane to an area of higher concentration, which REQUIRES ENERGY (Low concentration to high concentration
Examples of passive transport
Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis
Diffusion
Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Facilitated Diffusion
Substances cross the cell membrane with the help of special carrier proteins
Osmosis
Diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Types of osmosis
Hypotonic solution, Hypertonic Solution, and Isotonic Solution
Hypotonic Solution
A surrounding or environment surrounding a cell that has less dissolved solutes and more water than the cell. This type of solution will cause water into the cell via osmosis, resulting in SWELLING of the cell
Hypertonic Solution
A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has more dissolved solutes and less water than the cell. This type of solution will cause water to move out of the cell via osmosis, resulting shrinking of the cell
Isotonic Solution
A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has the same amount of dissolved solutes and the same amount of water as the cell
Examples of Active Transport
Protein pump/sodium-potassium pump, endocytosis, exocytosis
Ion or Protein Pump/Sodium-potassium pump
Proteins that are able to transport ions across the cell membrane from low to high concentration by changing their shape which requires ATP (energy) from the cell
Endocytosis
Cell brings in a bulky substance from its surroundings by wrapping its membrane around the substance and forming a vesicle
Exocytosis
Cell releases substances by merginga vesicle with the cell membrane and releasing the substances into the fluid around the cell
