Activity 2 Handwashing and Chain of Infection

Question 1

Represents how “infection” are passed from one person to another host

Answer 1

The chain of infection

Question 2

Infection is a disease that is caused by a ___

Answer 2

Pathogen

Question 3

5 common pathogens

Answer 3

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Parasites
4. Fungi
5. Prions

Question 4

3 types of reservoir

Answer 4

1. Human
2. Animal
3. Environment

Question 5

Not all coughs are infectious, ex.?

Answer 5

Asthma

Question 6

MOT

Common for parasites

Answer 6

Vector borne

Question 7

MOT

Refers to spray with relatively large aerosols so it travels a short distance only

Answer 7

Droplet transmission

Question 8

MOT

Infections transmitted from an animal to human

Answer 8

Zoonosis

Question 9

MOT

Carried by dust or droplet nuclei in air: they travel farther than droplets as they are lighter

Answer 9

Airborne

Question 10

MOT

Infectious agent is carried by animals (mostly insects) and transferred to the host

Answer 10

Vector borne

Question 11

• Carries the infectious agent in their feet or guts without nurturing the pathogen
• Flies and cockroaches

Answer 11

Mechanical vectors

Question 12

• Nurtures the infectious agent in their body
• Mosquitoes and ticks

Answer 12

Biological vectors

Question 13

PO Entry

Often, the pathogen ___ the new host via same portal of ___ used to leave the source host

Answer 13

Enters; Exit

Question 14

Routes

Via injections like sharing of needles by drug users, accidental pricks

Answer 14

Percutaneous

Question 15

Routes

• Enters through the GIT
• Eating contaminated food and drinks, eating with contaminated hands

Answer 15

Fecal-oral

Question 16

Routes

Enters the fetus or baby via umbilical cord, breastfeeding or birth canal

Answer 16

Perinatal route

Question 16

Routes

• Enters through the nose merely by breathing (airborne)
• Usually causes respiratory diseases

Answer 16

Respiratory

Question 17

May or may not exhibit symptoms but they can pass the infectious agent to other susceptible host

Answer 17

Active carriers

Question 17

May harbor the pathogen, but they are asymptomatic and don’t pass the pathogen

Answer 17

Passive carriers

Question 18

Administration of a vaccine to prevent the occurrence of a specific infectious disease

Answer 18

Prophylactic vaccination

Question 19

Initial exposure: ___ antibody production. Subsequent exposures: ___ response due to immune memory, especially with ___

Answer 19

Slow; Faster; Viruses

Question 20

Physically remove the hazard

Answer 20

Elimination

Question 21

Replace the hazard

Answer 21

Substitution

Question 22

Isolate people from the hazard

Answer 22

Engineering controls

Question 23

Change the way people work

Answer 23

Administrative controls

Question 24

Protect the worker with personal protective equipment

Answer 24

PPE

Question 25

Infection control: from most effective to least (5)

Answer 25

1. Elimination 2. Substitution 3. Engineering controls 4. Administrative controls 5. PPE

Question 26

* If hands are soiled, wash them for ___ * If hands are not soiled, wash them for ___

Answer 26

45 seconds; 30 seconds

Question 27

Tourniquet: must be disinfected with ___ and ___ in between patients

Answer 27

Alcohol; Iodine

Question 28

A process of reducing or eliminating most pathogens (except spores and prions) in inanimate objects

Answer 28

Disinfection

Question 29

Inhibition or elimination of most pathogens in living tissues

Answer 29

Antisepsis

Question 30

* A process of completely killing all forms of microorganisms including spores * Most effective way of stopping infection

Answer 30

Sterilization

Question 31

Global efforts to permanently eliminate specific infections to zero

Answer 31

Eradication

Question 32

Handwashing ___ the infectious agent in hands

Answer 32

Removes

Question 33

* Drinkable water * Can still contain bacteria to a certain level

Answer 33

Potable water

Question 34

3 methods of sterilization

Answer 34

1. Autoclaving 2. Heat sterilization 3. UV light sterilization

Question 35

Steam under pressure

Answer 35

Autoclaving

Question 36

Dry glassware over bunsen burner if a test requires sterility

Answer 36

Heat sterilization

Question 37

Sterilization used for medical devices; scalpel, bedsheets

Answer 37

UV light sterilization

Question 38

Bacterial spores cannot be killed thru decontamination because they have ___ spores; need ___ decontamination

Answer 38

Protective; 2nd

Question 39

2 bacteria that contain spores

Answer 39

clostridium and bacillum

Question 40

3 common disinfectants

Answer 40

1. Alcohol 2. Lysol 3. Bleach (Sodium hypochlorite)

Question 41

Used to clean Tourniquets

Answer 41

Alcohol

Question 42

Used to clean tables and desks

Answer 42

Lysol

Question 43

2 antiseptics

Answer 43

1. Betadine 2. Hydrogen peroxide

Question 44

Iodine tincture

Answer 44

Betadine

Question 45

Agua antisada

Answer 45

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 46

Lowering the microorganism population to a safe level

Answer 46

Sanitation

Question 47

2 sanitation methods

Answer 47

1. Chlorination 2. Filtration

Question 48

Method used to clean water

Answer 48

Chlorination