Activity, Immobility, and Safe Movement

Question 1

awareness of posture and movement

Answer 1

proprioception

Question 2

balance

Answer 2

equilibrium

Question 3

increased muscle tone

Answer 3

spasticity/hypertonicity

Question 4

lack of muscle tone

Answer 4

flaccidity/ hypotonicity

Question 5

reduced blood flow

Answer 5

ischemia

Question 6

weakness on one side of the body

Answer 6

hemiparesis

Question 7

paralysis on one side of the body

Answer 7

hemiplegia

Question 8

lower body paralysis

Answer 8

paraplegia

Question 9

inability to move all four extremities

Answer 9

quadriplegia

Question 10

wasting

Answer 10

atrophy

Question 11

permanent fixation of a joint

Answer 11

contracture

Question 12

permanent plantar fixation

Answer 12

footdrop

Question 13

loss of bone mass due to lack of activity

Answer 13

disuse osteoporosis

Question 14

spontaneous breaks without trauma

Answer 14

pathologic bone fracture

Question 15

degrees of motion

Answer 15

range of motion

Question 16

patient moves joint independently

Answer 16

active ROM

Question 17

nurse moves joint for patient

Answer 17

passive ROM

Question 18

patient sits on the edge of the bed before standing

Answer 18

dangling

Question 19

manner of walking

Answer 19

gait

Question 20

death of cells, tissues, or organs

Answer 20

nectrotic

Question 21

movement with constant muscle contraction

Answer 21

isotonic exercise

Question 22

tension and relaxation of muscle without joint movement

Answer 22

isometric exercise

Question 23

requires oxygen

Answer 23

aerobic exercise

Question 24

builds power and mass

Answer 24

anaerobic exercise

Question 25

What effects does immobility have on the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 25

-weakness -decreased mucle tone -decreased bone and muscles mass -atrophy -contractures

Question 26

What effects does immobility have on the nervous system?

Answer 26

-altered proprioception and equilibrium

Question 27

What effects does immobility have on the cardiopulmonary system?

Answer 27

-increased cardiac workload -decreased lung expansion -pooling secretions -DVT -activity intolerance

Question 28

Pooled blood combined with weakened calf muscles can lead to what.

Answer 28

DVT

Question 29

What effects does immobility have on nutrition?

Answer 29

-reduced BMR -anorexia and nausea -negative nitrogen balance if insufficient protein

Question 30

What effects does immobility have on elimination?

Answer 30

-urinary stasis -constipation

Question 31

What effects does immobility have on skin?

Answer 31

-pressure injury -prolonged tissue ischemia

Question 32

What effects does immobility have on the mind?

Answer 32

-isolation and sensory deprivation -altered self concept - disrupted sleep patterns

Question 33

What are some positioning devices?

Answer 33

-pillows -splints/braces -handrolls

Question 34

How can you promote lung expansion?

Answer 34

-raise HOB -frequent cough and deep breathing -incentive spirometer -turn and reposition

Question 35

How can you prevent DVT?

Answer 35

-leg, ankle, and foot exercise -ted tose or scd pumps -avoid lower extremity pressure