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Actual Classifications Flashcards

(37 cards)

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1
Q

Bosworth Fracture

A

fibular fracture with posterior dislocation of the talus

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2
Q

Chopart fracture

A

fracture/ dislocation involving the midtarsal joint

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3
Q

Cotton Fracture

A

trimalleolar fracture

fracture of lateral and medial malleolus with the posterior process of tibia

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4
Q

Dupuytren fracture

A

Distal fibular fracture above lateral malleolus with associated tear of tibiofibular and deltoid ligament.

Lateral displacement of talus and possible medial malleolus fracture.

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5
Q

Gosselin fracture

A

V-shaped fracture of distal tibia that extends into the tibial plafond and divides the plafond into anterior and posterior fragments.

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6
Q

Jones Fracture

A

base of fifth metatarsal distal to metatarsal tuberosity

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7
Q

Le fort fracture of the ankle

A

vertical fracture of the anterior medial portion of the distal fibula with avulsion of the anterior tibofibular ligament

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8
Q

Lisfranc fracture

A

refers to fracture/dislocation of TMT joint

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9
Q

Masionneuve fracture

A

spiral fracture of the upper third of fibula with tear of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and interosseous membrane

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10
Q

Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

term used to describe chronic fatigue injury that affects growth and development of tibial apophysis at site of attachment of patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity

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11
Q

Pott fracture

A

bimalleolar fracture

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12
Q

Shepard fracture

A

the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus fracture. May simulate an os trigonum

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13
Q

Tillaux fracture

A

an avulsion injury of the anterior tibial tubercle at the attachment of the distal anterior tibiofibular ligament

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14
Q

Gustilo and Anderson

A

to describe open fractures

Type I: wound <1cm long. little soft tissue damage, no little comminution associated

Type II: wound >1 cm long. Minor soft tissue damage. Moderate comminution associated

Type III: extensive soft tissue injury with high degree of comminution

IIIA: soft tissue coverage of bone is adequate, traume is high energy
IIIB: extensive soft tissue damage associated with periosteal stripping
IIIC: any open fracture with arterial injury

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15
Q

Manoli and Wever

A

Describes compartments of the foot

Hindfoot (1): Calcaneus
contains- QP, posterior tibial artery/vein/nerve, lateral and medial plantar artery/vein/nerve

Forefoot (5):
Interosseous X4
Adductor: adductor hallucis

Full length (3):
Medial- flexor hallucis, abductor hallucis
Lateral- abductor digiti quinti, flexor digiti minimi
Superficial- flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, FDL and medial plantar nerve

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16
Q

Tscherne

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A

closed fractures

Type C0- little to no soft tissue injury

Type C1- superficial abrasion and mild to moderately severe fracture configuration

Type C2- deep contaminated abrasion with local contusional damage to skin or muscle and moderately severe fracture

Type C3- extensive skin contusion or crushing or muscle destruction and severe fracture

17
Q

Kiuru

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A

bone stress injury (MRI)

Grade I- endosteal marrow edema
Grade II- periosteal bone edema and endosteal edema
Grade III- muscle edema, periosteal edema and endosteal marrow edema
Grade IV- fracture line
Grade V- callus in cortical bone

18
Q

Charnley

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A

Fracture stability

Most stable- Transverse type
Potentially stable- short oblique
Least stable- long oblique

19
Q

Weber and Cech

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A

Hypertrophic- vascular reactive

1) elephant foot
2) horse’s hoof
3) oligotrophic

Atrophic type- avascular and non-reactive

1) torsion wedge
2) comminuted
3) defect
4) atrophic

20
Q

Jahss

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A

1st MPJ dislocations

Type I: hallux/sesamoid dislocation, no disruption of sesamoid apparatus, irreducible to closed reduction

Type IIA: closed reducible, disrupted intersesamoidal ligament
Type IIB: closed reducible, transverse fracture of sesamoids
Type IIC: open reduction with both IIA and IIB

21
Q

Yu

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A

Predislocation syndrome

Stage I: subtle, mild edema with dorsal and plantar to lesser MTPJ. Alignment of the digit unchanged compared to the contralateral digit

Stage II: mild to moderate edema. Noticeable deviation of the digit. Loss of toe purchase, noticeable in weight bearing

Stage III: moderate edema. Pronounced deviation/subluxation

22
Q

Stewart classification

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A

5th Met base fractures

Type I: Jones fracture, transverse fracture of diaphyseal/metaphyseal junction. Healing potential poor

Type II: intraarticular avulsion fracture

Type III: extraarticular avulsion fracture

Type IV: intraarticular comminuted fracture

Type V: extraarticular fracture through the epiphysis

23
Q

Torg

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A

5th met fractures

Stage I: acute fracture on chronic process, evidence of periosteal reaction, plantar based fracture line, absence of medullary sclerosis

Stage II: similar to stage I with additional presences of medullary sclerosis and narrowing; delayed union

Stage III: obliteration of medullary canal; nonunion

24
Q

Watson/Jones classification

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A

For Navicular fractures

Type I- avulsion fracture of tuberosity by PT tendon

Type II- dorsal lip fracture may resemble an os supranaviculare

Type IIIa: transverse fracture non-displaced

Type IIIB: Transverse fracture displaced

Type IV- stress fracture

25
Quenu and Kuss
Lisfranc's fractures Type A: homolateral/partial incongruity of Lisfranc's joint Type B: isolateral/partial incongruity of Lisfranc's joint Type C: divergent fracture; dislocation of Lisfranc's joint
26
Hardcastle
Lisfranc's fractures Type A- either homolateral or homomedial Type B- partial incongruity not all metatarsals are displaced in the same direction Type C- divergent; 1st met is medially dislocated and 2-5 are laterally dislocated.
27
Myerson Modification
Lisfranc's fracture Type A- total incongruity Type B1- partial incongruity, medial dislocation Type B2- partial incongruity, lateral dislocation Type C1- divergent, partial displacement Type C2- divergent, total displacement
28
Nunley and Vertullo
Subtle Lisfranc's injury Stage 1- <2mm diastasis, able to WB, local point-tenderness over Lisfranc ligament and medial TMT joint space, +MRI Stage 2- similar to stage 1, >2-5mm diastasis, no collapse of the arch Stage 3- 2-5mm diastasis, collapse of the arch
29
Rowe Classification
calcaneal fractures Type 1A- plantar calcaneal tuberosity fx, secondary to eversion/inversion force.Axial calcaneal view Type 1b- shearing fx of sustentaculum tali. Secondary to inverted landing of heel. View with axial calcaneal Type 1c- anterior process fx, may appear similar to os calcaneum secundum. Occurs as a bifurcate ligament avulsion. Secondary to adduction and plantarflexion Type IIA- beak fracture. Occurs when hell strikes ground with knee extended and foot dorsiflexed Type IIB- avulsion fx of the tendon Achilles, same as IIA but with complete dislocation Type IIIA- simple fx, oblique through calcaneal body not involving the STJ Type IIIB- same as IIIA but comminuted Type IV A&B- same as type III but w/ STJ involvement Type Va- intraarticular STJ fx w/ comminution and depression of the articular segment Type Vb- intraarticular fx of the calcaneo-cuboid joint
30
Essex-Lopresti
Tongue type- axial load plantarflexed Joint type-axial load dorsiflexed
31
Sander's Classification
Type I A,B&C- one part, nondisplaced articular fx Type II A,B&C- two part, fx of posterior facet Type III AB,AC,BC- three part fx w/central depressed segment Type IV-comminuted fracture of posterior facet`
32
Hawkin's classification
Talar neck fractures I- minimal displacement (7-15% of AVN) II- STJ subluxation (35-50% of AVN) III- ankle subluxation( 85% of AVN) IV- STJ/ankle/TNJ dislocation (100% AVN) Hawkins sign- subchondral lucency of the body of the talus
33
Berndt-Hardy
Talar dome lesion Stage1- small area of compression in subchondral bone Stage II- partially detached osteochondral fragment StageIII- completely detached fragment in crater Stage IV- complete fracture out of crater. Poor prognosis
34
Mneumonic for talar dome lesions
DIAL A PIMP Dorsiflexion-inversion=anterolateral lesion Plantarflexion-inversion=medial posterior lesion
35
Sneppen
Group I- Talar dome fracture/OCD (Berndt hardy) Group II- Shear fracture: 50%AVN requires ORIF - ---Sagittal - ---Coronal - ---Horizontal Group III-posterior tubercle fracture: shepherd Group IV- Lateral process fracture Group V-crush injury highly comminuted
36
Hawkin's classification for lateral talar process
Type I- simple fracture from AJ articulation to STJ Type II- comminuted fx involving calcaneal and fibular articulations Type III- Chip fx of anterior/inferior portion of lateral process
37
Salter Harris
epiphyseal fraxtures Type I- shearing force, separation of epiphysis from metaphysis w/o fx, seen at birth and in young children Type II-fx line extends through physis and exits the metastasis. +Thurston Holland(triangle shaped fx) Type III- fx line extends through physis and exits epiphysis Type IV- intraarticular fx through epiphysis, physis and metaphysis. Prognosis is poor Type V- compression fx, compacted germinal cells. Poor prognosis

Huge Classification systems (1 decks)

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