Acute Abdomen Flashcards
what is an acute abdomen
<10 days presentation
progressive intra-abdominal condition
causes severe morbidity and threat to life
symptoms of acute abdomen
abdominal pain - SOCRATES associated symptoms; nausea/vomiting burping heart burn/indigestion change in bowel habit PR blood/mucus
vomiting in acute abdomen
colour of vomit green or foodstuff projectile blood coffee grounds
signs of acute abdomen
pain localised peritonism generalised peritonaitis guarding rebound tenderness roving's sign Cullen's grey turner erythema ab igne
auscultation of acute abdomen
bowel sounds absent;
in ileum
morbid obesity
useful if they are tinkling
treatment of acute abdomen
anaglesia + anti-emetic ABCD urinalysis oxygen fluids immediate surgery or nothing
examples of analgesia
morphine
paracetamol
tests of acute abdomen
FBC LFT U&E CRP Ca2+ lactate coag amylase !!!! ABG's
imaging tests for acute abdomen
CT - or AXR/CXR
ultrasound
CXR findings
excludes pneumonia
AXR findings
only useful in;
obstruction
colitis
perforation
indications for ultrasound
useful right upper quadrant and right iliac fossa pain
kids and woman
complications of acute abdomen
pancreatitis
abdominal aortic aneurysm - presents on AXR/CXR
treatment for duodenal ulcer perforation
resuscitate antibiotics \+/- surgery patch repair eradicate H.pylori and PPI
examples of colonic emergencies
obstruction volvulus acute diverticulitis toxic colitis perforations
