Acute abdominal pain Pt2 Flashcards
(52 cards)
symptoms of peritonitis
acute abdo pain abdo tenderness abdo guarding rebound tenderness rigidity
blumberg sign=
rebound tenderness- less pain when hand is pressed down severe pain on release
localised peritonitis is due to
involvement of the somatic parietal peritoneum
what is the nerve supply of parietal peritoneum
same somatic nerve supply as the region of the abdominal wall that it lines
what does the nerve supply of parietal peritoneum mean
pain from the parietal peritoneum is well localised.
what nerves coordinate generalised peritonitis
splanchnic nerves
what is generalised peritonitis
peritonitis affecting the entire abdomen
what is the pain pattern in localised peritonitis
pain starts as epigastric pain but becomes specific in location when the impacted organ distends and impacts the parietal peritoneum
where are the splanchnic nerves located
visceral peritoneum
where is the visceral peritoneum
inside
where is the parietal peritoneum
outside
pain in generalised peritonitis
diffuse and widespread
2 types of peritonitis
infection
non-infective
non-infective peritonitis=
leakage of bodily fluids into the peritoneum via perforation of a viscus
ruptured viscus=
rupturing of an abdominal organ
main definitive cause of a ruptured viscus
trauma
possible medical conditions causing a ruptured viscus
appendicitis
diverticulitis
peptic ulcer
ischaemic bowel disease
perforated duodenal ulcer–>
sudden onset epigastrium pain
perforated gastric ulcer–>
burning sensation in epigastrium associated with flatulence and dyspepsia
small intestine rupture =
sudden onset pain
large intestine rupture=
more gradual onset pain
oesophageal rupture=
sudden onset chest pain
symptoms of ruptured viscus (6)
- severe abdominal pain (worse with movement)
- N&V
- fever and rigors
- rigid abdomen
- abdominal distention
- generalised peritonitis
causes of small intestine bowel obstruction (3)
hernias
adhesions
tumours
