Acute and Chronic Urinary Retention

Question 1

Urinary retention can be caused by obstructive, neurogenic, pharmacological and psychogenic factors.

What are obstructive causes of urinary retention?

Answer 1

• Benign prostatic hypertrophy
• Prostate cancer
• Urethral stricture
• Urethral valves
• Phimosis
• Paraphimosis
• Balanitis
• Meatal stenosis
• Stones

Question 2

What are neurogenic causes of urinary retention?

Answer 2

• Cauda equina
• Spinal cord injuries
• Stroke
• Diabetes
• Multiple sclerosis
• Encephalitis
• Herpes simplex
• Herpes zoster

Question 3

What are pharmacological causes of urinary retention?

Answer 3

• Anticholinergics
• Antihistamines
• Antidepressants
• Antispasmodics
• Sympathomimetics
• Antipsychotics
• Antiparkinsonian drugs