Acute & Critical Card Medicine

Question 1

conivaptan (dual vasopressin [1A and 2] injectable receptor antagonist)

Answer 1

Vaprisol

Question 2

tolvaptan (selective oral vasopressin 2 antagonist)

Answer 2

Samsca

Question 3

intravenous immunoglobulin

Answer 3

Carimune NF, Felbogamma DIF, Gammagard, Gamunex-C, Octagam, Privigen

Question 4

dopamine (dose-dependent vasopressor)

Answer 4

Lose (renal) dose @ 1-4 mcg/kg/min: acts as Dopamine-1 agonist. Medium dose @ 5-10 mcg/kg/min: beta-1 agonist. High dose @ 10-20 mcg/kg/min: alpha-1 agonist

Question 5

epinephrine (vasopressor)

Answer 5

Adrenalin, EpiPen for anaphylaxis

Question 6

norepinephrine (vasopressor)

Answer 6

Levophed

Question 7

epinephrine (MOA)

Answer 7

alpha-1, beta-1, beta-2 agonist

Question 8

norepinephrine (MOA)

Answer 8

alpha-1 agonist > beta-1 agonist

Question 9

phenylephrine (vasopressor)

Answer 9

Neo-Synephrine, Vazculep (approved for hypotension during anesthesia)

Question 10

phenylephrine (MOA)

Answer 10

alpha-1 agonist

Question 11

vasopressin *aka arginine vasopressin (AVP) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 11

Vasostrict

Question 12

vasopressin (MOA)

Answer 12

vasopressin receptor agonist (vasoconstrictor, has no inotropic or chronotropic effects)

Question 13

nitroglycerin (MOA)

Answer 13

low doses affect preload: venous vasodilator; high doses affect afterload: arterial vasodilator

Question 14

nitroprusside (vasodilator)

Answer 14

Nitropress, Nilpride

Question 15

nitroprusside (MOA)

Answer 15

mixed (equal) arterial and venous vasodilator

Question 16

nesiritide (vasodilator)

Answer 16

Natrecor

Question 17

nesiritide (MOA)

Answer 17

vasodilation via increased cGMP

Question 18

dobutamine (inotrope)

Answer 18

beta-1 agonist with some beta-2 & alpha-1 agonism

Question 19

milrinone (inotrope)

Answer 19

phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE-3) inhibitor

Question 20

fentanyl (for pain/analgesia)

Answer 20

Sublimaze

Question 21

hydromorphone (for pain/analgesia)

Answer 21

Dilaudid

Question 22

morphine (for pain/analgesia)

Answer 22

Duramorph, Infumorph

Question 23

dexmedetomidine (for sedation)

Answer 23

Precedex

Question 24

dexmedetomidine (MOA)

Answer 24

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

Question 25

propofol (for sedation)

Answer 25

Diprivan

Question 26

lorazepam (benzo)

Answer 26

Ativan

Question 27

midazolam (benzo)

Answer 27

Versed, Nayzilam

Question 28

etomidate (ultra short-acting; used before intubation)

Answer 28

Amidate

Question 29

ketamine (used off-label for continuous sedation)

Answer 29

Ketalar

Question 30

ketamine (MOA)

Answer 30

NMDA receptor antagonist

Question 31

lidocaine (local anesthetic)

Answer 31

Xylocaine

Question 32

liposomal bupivacaine (local anesthetic)

Answer 32

Exparel

Question 33

desflurane (inhaled anesthetic)

Answer 33

Suprane

Question 34

sevoflurane (inhaled anesthetic)

Answer 34

Ultane

Question 35

isoflurane (inhaled anesthetic)

Answer 35

Forane

Question 36

bupivacaine (injectable anesthetic)

Answer 36

Marcaine, Sensorcaine

Question 37

ropivacaine (injectable anesthetic)

Answer 37

Naropin

Question 38

succinylcholine (depolarizing neuromuscular blocker)

Answer 38

Quelicin, Anectine

Question 39

cisatracurium (non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker)

Answer 39

Nimbex

Question 40

aminocaproic acid (hemostatic agent)

Answer 40

Amicar

Question 41

tranexamic acid (hemostatic agent)

Answer 41

Cyklokapron (injection), Lysteda (tablet)

Question 42

recombinant factor VIIa (injectable hemostatic agent)

Answer 42

NovoSeven RT