Acute Effects on State Anxiety and Mood

Question 1

trait moods

Answer 1

person’s general predisposition; trait anxiety; doesn’t really change over time & is consistent
- ex. someone might generally be anxious or calm

Question 2

mood state

Answer 2

current levels of that mood and fluctuate over time; in the moment feeling but as soon as it’s over it will go down
- ex. someone might have high state anxiety due to an impending presentation, regardless of how anxious or calm they normally are

Question 3

What do we measure for exercise interventions?

Answer 3

traits

Question 4

What do we measure for acute studies?

Answer 4

mood states

Question 5

core affect

Answer 5

immediate, valenced (unpleasant) reaction without the need for appraisal

Question 6

surprise

Answer 6

cognitive appraisal that something happens without processing emotion

Question 7

emotion

Answer 7

appraisal that you are threatened with a coping/behavioral response considered; after core affect but with emotion processing

Question 8

mood state

Answer 8

broader cognitive appraisal that lasts seconds to minutes to hours to days; longer cognitive processing; accumulation of how you’ve been feeling over a period of time

Question 9

What was the conclusion from the meta-analysis of acute exercise effects on state anxiety?

Answer 9

acute exercise led to a reduced state anxiety

Question 10

What were some of the moderators for the response of acute exercise on state anxiety?

Answer 10

• quiet rest control led to higher response
• better study quality led to higher response
• less healthy population led to higher response
• higher intensity led to higher response
• quicker assessment led to higher response

Question 11

What were some physiological mechanisms from the acute exercise study?

Answer 11

• release of cortisol to controlled stressor
• increased monoamines (neurotransmitter)
• increased endorphins
• neurotrophic factors (promote neurogenesis)

Question 12

What were some psychological mechanisms from the acute exercise study?

Answer 12

• anxiety sensitivity and exposure (exposure therapy)
• distraction or “time out”
• self-efficacy (confidence and ability to do things)

Question 13

What is PICO?

Answer 13

P: population/patients
I: intervention
C: comparator/control treatments
O: outcome measure

Question 14

population/patients

Answer 14

includes sample size, inclusion, and exclusion criteria, demographics, and how they were recruited for the study

Question 15

intervention

Answer 15

components of the _________ in as much detail as possible; what the researchers planned for participants assigned to the intervention group to do; FITT principles

Question 16

comparator/control treatments

Answer 16

what activities participants allocated to the _______ or “_______” groups

Question 17

outcome measure

Answer 17

what are they trying to figure out & what did they use to measure it

Question 18

control group

Answer 18

intended to control for something
examples:
- passage of time
- time but withholding treatment is unethical
- control for attention
- control for expectation