ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS AGN Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN)?
Acute kidney injury (AKI) syndrome characterized by sudden onset of edema, new or worsening hypertension, active urinary sediment, and azotemia.
Active urinary sediment includes proteinuria (>30 mg/dL), hematuria, and red cell casts. Azotemia refers to elevated BUN and creatinine levels.
What are the main causes of Acute Glomerulonephritis?
Causes include:
* Primary kidney diseases (e.g., IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy)
* Systemic diseases (e.g., lupus, vasculitis, infections like post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis)
Systemic diseases can lead to secondary forms of glomerulonephritis.
What findings are observed in urinalysis for AGN?
Findings include:
* Dysmorphic red cells
* Red cell casts
* Proteinuria
These urinary findings are indicative of glomerular damage.
How do serum complement levels relate to AGN?
Serum complement levels can be low in some diseases, such as lupus and post-infectious glomerulonephritis.
Low complement levels can help differentiate between types of AGN.
What is the role of kidney biopsy in AGN?
Kidney biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis and guiding treatment.
It allows for examination of kidney tissue to identify specific pathological changes.
What are the supportive care measures for AGN treatment?
Supportive care includes:
* Diuretics for edema
* Antihypertensives for blood pressure control
These measures help manage symptoms and prevent complications.
What types of immunosuppressive therapy are used in AGN?
Immunosuppressive therapy options include:
* Corticosteroids
* Cytotoxic agents (e.g., cyclophosphamide)
These therapies aim to reduce inflammation and immune response in the kidneys.
True or False: Acute Glomerulonephritis can present with hematuria.
True
Hematuria is a common finding in AGN and indicates glomerular injury.
Fill in the blank: Acute Glomerulonephritis is characterized by sudden onset of _______.
edema
Edema refers to swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues.
What is azotemia in the context of AGN?
Azotemia refers to elevated BUN and creatinine levels in the blood.
It indicates impaired kidney function and is a hallmark of acute kidney injury.
What is Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN)?
Acute kidney injury (AKI) syndrome characterized by sudden onset of edema, new or worsening hypertension, active urinary sediment, and azotemia.
Active urinary sediment includes proteinuria (>30 mg/dL), hematuria, and red cell casts. Azotemia refers to elevated BUN and creatinine levels.
What are the main causes of Acute Glomerulonephritis?
Causes include:
* Primary kidney diseases (e.g., IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy)
* Systemic diseases (e.g., lupus, vasculitis, infections like post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis)
Systemic diseases can lead to secondary forms of glomerulonephritis.
What findings are observed in urinalysis for AGN?
Findings include:
* Dysmorphic red cells
* Red cell casts
* Proteinuria
These urinary findings are indicative of glomerular damage.
How do serum complement levels relate to AGN?
Serum complement levels can be low in some diseases, such as lupus and post-infectious glomerulonephritis.
Low complement levels can help differentiate between types of AGN.
What is the role of kidney biopsy in AGN?
Kidney biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis and guiding treatment.
It allows for examination of kidney tissue to identify specific pathological changes.
What are the supportive care measures for AGN treatment?
Supportive care includes:
* Diuretics for edema
* Antihypertensives for blood pressure control
These measures help manage symptoms and prevent complications.
What types of immunosuppressive therapy are used in AGN?
Immunosuppressive therapy options include:
* Corticosteroids
* Cytotoxic agents (e.g., cyclophosphamide)
These therapies aim to reduce inflammation and immune response in the kidneys.
True or False: Acute Glomerulonephritis can present with hematuria.
True
Hematuria is a common finding in AGN and indicates glomerular injury.
Fill in the blank: Acute Glomerulonephritis is characterized by sudden onset of _______.
edema
Edema refers to swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues.
What is azotemia in the context of AGN?
Azotemia refers to elevated BUN and creatinine levels in the blood.
It indicates impaired kidney function and is a hallmark of acute kidney injury.
