Acute Renal Disease

Question 1

“GOLD STANDARD” measurement for CKD

Answer 1

true glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as tracked by 24 hr urine isotope clearance

Question 2

CKD definition

Answer 2

presence of kidney damage or a GFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73m (2) for 3 months or greater

Question 3

AKI (acute kidney Injury) definition

Answer 3

increase in SCr by 50% within 7 days or increase in SCr by 0.3mg/dL within 2 days or oliguria

Question 4

Proteinuria

Answer 4

• higher levels of proteinuria correlate with more rapid progression of kidney disease
• earliest known marker of kidney damage in glomerular disease and most common marker of kidney damage in adults

Question 5

Most commonly employed markers of AKI

Answer 5

serum creatinine and BUN

Question 6

Azotemia

Answer 6

buildup of nitrogenous wastes in blood

Question 7

Prerenal AKI

Answer 7

decrease in GFR that occurs as a consequence of reduced renal blood flow or reduced renal perfusion

Question 8

Intrinsic AKI

Answer 8

decrease in GFR as a result of direct parenchymal injury in the kidney

Question 9

Postrenal AKI

Answer 9

decrease in GFR as a result of obstruction to urine flow from pelvis and calyces to urethra