Acute Renal Failure Flashcards
(8 cards)
What is the definition of acute renal failure (ARF)?
The sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and regulate fluid and electrolytes
Example sentence: The patient was diagnosed with ARF after experiencing a sudden decrease in urine output.
What are some possible causes of ARF?
Infection, obstruction, shock
Additional information: Other causes may include drug toxicity and severe dehydration.
What are the three phases of ARF?
The oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phase.
Additional information: Each phase has specific clinical manifestations and treatment goals.
During the oliguric phase, what should the nurse expect to see clinically?
This phase lasts 1 to 2 weeks. A low urine output of less than 400 ml per day, hyperkalemia, hypertension, elevated BUN/creatinine levels, and fluid overload.
Example sentence: The patient exhibited signs of fluid overload during the oliguric phase of ARF.
What two electrolytes will be elevated during the oliguric phase?
Sodium and phosphate
Additional information: Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial during ARF to prevent complications.
What is expected during the diuretic phase?
The urine output slowly returns, hypokalemia, and hypotension.
Example sentence: The patient experienced hypokalemia during the diuretic phase of ARF.
What does the recovery phase mean?
The kidneys are recovering through a slow process. The GFR increases which allows urine output to increase. The BUN and creatinine return to normal.
Additional information: Close monitoring is necessary during the recovery phase to prevent relapse.
Which is the best diet for a client with ARF?
Healthy carbs, low protein, and low sodium
Additional information: Dietary modifications play a crucial role in managing ARF and promoting kidney function.
