acute respiratory distress syndrome

Question 1

what is acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 1

increased permeability of alveolar capillaries leading to fluid accumulation in the alveoli (non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema)

Question 2

causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 2

infection: sepsis, pneumonia
massive blood transfusion
trauma
smoke inhalation
acute pancreatitis
covid-19
cardio-pulmonary bypass

Question 3

presentation of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 3

acute onset and severe!!
dyspnoea
elevated respiratory rate
bilateral lung crackles
low oxygen saturations

Question 4

investigations for acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 4

chest x-ray
ABG

Question 5

management of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 5

admit to ICU
oxygen/ventilation
treat underlying
prone position

Question 6

criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 6

acute onset (within a week of risk factor)
pulmonary oedema (bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray)
non-cardiogenic
pO2/FiO2 < 40