ADCT 200 - Final Exam

Question 1

Which of the following routes of administration acts the slowest upon the brain?

Answer 1

contact (trans dermal) absorption.

Question 2

When a drug is injected, how long does it take for the drug to reach the brain?

Answer 2

15 to 30 seconds

Question 3

Another word for putting powdered cocaine under the tongue is

Answer 3

sublingual

Question 4

The main barrier that drugs have to cross to affect the body is the

Answer 4

blood-brain barrier

Question 5

A child’s circulatory system contains about how much blood?

Answer 5

3-4 quarts of blood

Question 6

How many nerve cell connections are in the nervous system?

Answer 6

100 million

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the new brain?

Answer 7

creativity

Question 8

Which of the following is a part of a neuron?

Answer 8

terminals

Question 9

The gap between neurotransmitters is the

Answer 9

synapse

Question 10

Within the neuron, what is stored in vesicles?

Answer 10

neurotransmitters

Question 11

When a substance originates outside the body, it is

Answer 11

exogenous

Question 12

The mechanism that accepts neurotransmitters are

Answer 12

antagonists

Question 13

Which is NOT a type of tolerance?

Answer 13

delayed tolerance

Question 14

Which is NOT a type of withdrawal?

Answer 14

pharmacodynamic withdrawal

Question 15

Which is NOT a desired effect of psychoactive drugs?

Answer 15

to increase depression

Question 16

In levels of use terminology, abuse means

Answer 16

continued use of the drug despite negative consequences.

Question 17

The T in SPECT scans stands for what?

Answer 17

tomography

Question 18

Which is NOT a genetic research technique?

Answer 18

liver biopsies

Question 19

Which will NOT cause a sober mouse to become an alcoholic mouse?

Answer 19

genes

Question 20

Drugs that bind to receptors and block the effects of neurotransmitters are

Answer 20

antagonists

Question 21

When there is internal conflict, the new brain will usually override the old brain.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

The nucleus accumbens is found in the old brain

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Psychoactive drugs cannot create sensations or feelings that don’t have a natural counterpart in the body.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

_____ for stimulating the reward/reinforcement center is the GABA

Answer 24

False

Question 25

The most addicting drug is alcohol

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT true about cocaine?

Answer 26

The United States consumes 80% of the world's cocaine

Question 27

Which of the following is true of cocaine hydrochloride?

Answer 27

It is 200 times more powerful by weight then the cocoa leaf

Question 28

Which statement about cocaine is NOT true?

Answer 28

Injecting cocaine gets to the brain faster than smoking cocaine (i.e., crack).

Question 29

What is the name of the metabolite produced when alcohol and cocaine are used together?

Answer 29

cocaethylene

Question 30

Which is NOT true regarding the cardiovascular effects of cocaine use?

Answer 30

There are no cocaine receptors on the heart itself.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT part of the cocaine withdrawal syndrome?

Answer 31

decreased appetite

Question 32

The combination of heroin and cocaine is known as

Answer 32

speedball

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of long-term abuse of cocaine?

Answer 33

severe weight gain

Question 34

Which of the following is true of crack cocaine?

Answer 34

Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine.

Question 35

Which of the following has NOT been a use for amphetamine?

Answer 35

to relax muscles

Question 36

Ice is to methamphetamine as ______ is to cocaine

Answer 36

crack

Question 37

The difference between the neurochemistry of amphetamines and cocaine is that

Answer 37

amphetamines block the metabolism of catecholamines whereas cocaine does not

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

Answer 38

GHB

Question 39

Which of the following has the most caffeine content?

Answer 39

espresso coffee (4 oz. demitasse)

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT true concerning nicotine?

Answer 40

A chew of tobacco puts less nicotine into the bloodstream than one smoked cigarette.

Question 41

All stimulants increase the chemical and electrical activity in the central nervous system

Answer 41

false

Question 42

Snorting cocaine is a self-limiting method of using cocaine

Answer 42

true

Question 43

Many of the abnormalities in the newborns of drug users have more to do with the mother's lifestyle than the drug itself.

Answer 43

true

Question 44

Crack cocaine is not only stronger than powdered cocaine, it is an entirely different molecule, so it acts on different neurotransmitters.

Answer 44

false

Question 45

The physical and mental effects of cocaine and amphetamines are very similar

Answer 45

true

Question 46

Tolerance to amphetamines is pronounced

Answer 46

true

Question 47

ADHD is often treated with amphetamine like drugs.

Answer 47

true

Question 48

Amphetamines are dangerous but fortunately over-the-counter diet pills are completely safe.

Answer 48

false

Question 49

The most important reason that people continue to smoke is an intense desire to maintain a certain nicotine level in the blood and brain to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Answer 49

true

Question 50

It is estimated that one person dies from second hand smoke (mostly from cardiovascular disease) for every eight smoker deaths.

Answer 50

true

Question 51

The neurotransmitter that transmits pain is

Answer 51

Substance P

Question 52

Which is a possible deadly side effect of using heroin intravenously

Answer 52

HIV Infection

Question 53

A drug that stops the effect of heroin in the brain is

Answer 53

Naltrexone

Question 54

Methadone works by

Answer 54

Substituting a long-acting opioid for a short-acting one

Question 55

Major heroin withdrawal symptoms usually last

Answer 55

5 to 7 days

Question 56

Which substance has been used to dilute heroin

Answer 56

Baby laxative

Question 57

Which combination of drugs would probably be more dangerous

Answer 57

Valium and alcohol

Question 58

The most common medical use of opioids is

Answer 58

Analgesia

Question 59

Which is an effect of sedative-hypnotics

Answer 59

Controls skeletal muscular spasms

Question 60

Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal symptoms can include

Answer 60

Convulsions

Question 61

Barbiturates were supplanted as the sedative-hypnotic of choice by

Answer 61

Benzodiazepines

Question 62

The first benzodiazepine was

Answer 62

Librium

Question 63

One of the reasons that GHB and Rohypnol are similar to alcohol is their

Answer 63

Disinhibitory effect

Question 64

The ancient Egyptians used opium for its medical properties

Answer 64

True

Question 65

Fentanyl is stronger than morphine

Answer 65

True

Question 66

Heroin mimics the body’s own pain messengers

Answer 66

False

Question 67

Codeine can control diarrhea

Answer 67

True

Question 68

The majority of heroin users are unemployed and live on the street

Answer 68

False

Question 69

Darvon will help suppress heroin withdrawal

Answer 69

True

Question 70

Tolerance to the physical and mental effects of increased doses of sedative-hypnotics increases at the same rates

Answer 70

False

Question 71

The most dangerous barbiturates are the long-acting ones, such as phenobarbital

Answer 71

False

Question 72

Low level use of benzodiazepines over an extended period of a year or more will cause physical dependence

Answer 72

True

Question 73

The liver alters Valium into a more potent drug

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Due to a large margin of safety, overdosing with benzodiazepines is difficult

Answer 74

True

Question 75

Withdrawal from heroin is more dangerous physically than withdrawal from alcohol or sedative-hypnotics

Answer 75

False