Additional Science

Question 1

How did Mendeleev order his periodic table?

Answer 1

He arranged it in increasing order of atomic mass but also took into account the properties of different elements

Question 2

What did Mendeleev do that was different to others who had made tables before?

Answer 2

He left gaps for elements that he thought hadn’t been discovered yet

Question 3

Give an example of one element that Mendeleev predicted

Answer 3

Eka-aluminium - the properties match that of Gallium’s today

Question 4

What is the object at the centre of an atom?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

What are the three types of sub atomic particles that make up an atom?

Answer 5

Protons and neutrons in the nucleus which is surrounded by electrons

Question 6

How are electrons arranged?

Answer 6

Into shells

Question 7

Rather than using actual masses and charges of sub atomic particles, what do we use?

Answer 7

Relative mass and relative charge

Question 8

What are the relative masses and charges of the three sub atomic particles?

Answer 8

Proton 1 +1
Neutron 1 0
Electron - -1

Question 9

Which is different about each atom?

Answer 9

The number of protons

Question 10

What two sub atomic particles exist in the same quantity in an atom?

Answer 10

Protons and electrons

Question 11

What is the atomic number?

Answer 11

The number of protons in an atom

Question 12

What is the mass number?

Answer 12

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 13

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 13

The mass of an atom in relativity to carbon-12

Question 14

What are the periods?

Answer 14

The horizontal rows

Question 15

What are the groups?

Answer 15

The vertical columns

Question 16

What are isotopes?

Answer 16

Different atoms of an element with varying numbers of neutrons

Question 17

What is relative abundance?

Answer 17

The number of objects of a particular kind of sample shown as a percentage of the total number of objects in the sample

Question 18

What is electronic configuration?

Answer 18

The way in which electrons are arranged in an atom

Question 19

What is the configuration of the three shells in an atom?

Answer 19

2-8-8

Question 20

What does the number of electrons in the outer shell correspond with on the periodic table?

Answer 20

The group number

Question 21

What does the period correspond with in terms of electron shells?

Answer 21

The number of shells

Question 22

What is an ion?

Answer 22

An atom or group of atoms with a charge

Question 23

What is a cation?

Answer 23

A positive ion

Question 24

Do metal atoms lose or gain electrons?

Answer 24

They lose them

Question 25

What is an anion?

Answer 25

A negatively charged ion

Question 26

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 26

A bond formed through the attraction between ions

Question 27

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 27

A compound made up of ions

Question 28

What's the different between an -ide compound and an -ate compound?

Answer 28

The -ate shows a presence of oxygen atoms

Question 29

What is the name of the structure that ionic compound form and what does this mean?

Answer 29

A lattice structure which means they are packed together in a box like arrangement and therefore forms cube-shaped crystals

Question 30

What are the electrostatic forces like between atoms?

Answer 30

Strong

Question 31

When will an ionic substance conduct electricity?

Answer 31

When molten or when in aqueous solution

Question 32

What is the melting point?

Answer 32

The temperature at which a substance turns from solid to liquid

Question 33

What is the boiling point?

Answer 33

The temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas

Question 34

Do ionic substances have high or low boiling/melting points and why?

Answer 34

High because the bonds are strong and a lot of energy is needed to overcome them

Question 35

If a substance dissolves in a substance, what do we say it is?

Answer 35

Soluble

Question 36

If a substance doesn't dissolve, what is it called?

Answer 36

Insoluble

Question 37

What is a salt?

Answer 37

A substance that can be made by reacting an acid and an alkali

Question 38

Are sodium, potassium and ammonium salts insoluble or soluble?

Answer 38

Soluble

Question 39

Are nitrates soluble?

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

Are chlorides soluble?

Answer 40

Yes except silver chloride and lead chloride

Question 41

Are sulfates soluble?

Answer 41

Yes except lead sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate

Question 42

Are carbonates soluble?

Answer 42

No except sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate

Question 43

Are hydroxides soluble?

Answer 43

No except sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide

Question 44

What is a precipitation reaction?

Answer 44

A reaction in which an insoluble solid is produced from two soluble substances

Question 45

What is a barium meal?

Answer 45

A drink that contains barium sulfate that will appear on x-Ray's to diagnose problems with their intestines

Question 46

Most barium salts are toxic, why isn't this a problem for barium meals?

Answer 46

Because barium sulfate is insoluble so it doesn't get into the bloodstream

Question 47

What colour does sodium turn in flame tests?

Answer 47

Yellow

Question 48

What colour does potassium turn in the flame test,

Answer 48

Lilac

Question 49

What colour does calcium turn in the flame test?

Answer 49

Red

Question 50

What colour does copper turn in the flame test?

Answer 50

Green/blue