Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Infectious Agents 2 > Adenoviridae > Flashcards

Adenoviridae Flashcards

(49 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Adenoid

A

Made up of lymphatic tissue, traps and destroys pathogens in the air that enter the nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Adenovirus

A
  • many serotypes
  • highly host specific
  • isolated from humans, animals, birds
  • mainly produce subclinical infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is adenovirus isolated from?

A

Usually from the upper respiratory tract, but sometimes the feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adenoviruses usually produce mild infections, except with:

A

Avian adenoviruses

- associated with a variety of syndromes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adenovirus - general characteristics

A
  • icosahedral virion
  • 70-90 nm diameter
  • replicate in nucleus of cells
  • virions released by cell lysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adenovirus genome

A

Linear dsDNA, 30-37 kbp in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Adenovirus pathogenesis

A

Produce intranuclear inclusion bodies containing virions

  • agglutinate RBCs: tips of the fiber bind to a receptor on the surface of the RBC
  • some adenoviruses are oncogenic in mice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a good diagnostic test for adenoviruses?

A

Hemagglutination inhibition test

  • provides simplest assay for virus or antibody detection
  • virus is host specific, need to use species specific blood for hemagglutination tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hemagglutination inhibition test

A

Virus, RBCs, and antibody from the serum

  • look at how high the titer is
  • if the antibody is for the virus, then you will have antigen-antibody binding –> virus no longer has capability to bind to the RBCs so you will see a button, not a layer of RBC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the component that is able to bind to the cell receptor?

A

Fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification of adenovirus is based on:

A

Antigenic relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many genera is apart of the adenovirus family?

A

Mastadenovirus (mammalian) and Aviadenovirus (avian)

  • the 2 genera do not share a common group antigen
  • genus-specific antigenic determinants on the pentamers
  • type-specific antigenic determinants (defined by neutralization and HI assays) are located on the hexamers and fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the antigenic component of adenoviridae?

A

Pentamers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Horse

A
  • 2 serotypes

- asymptomatic or mild upper respiratory disease in foals with congenital immunodeficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cattle, swine, sheep, goat

A

Usually asymptomatic or mild upper respiratory disease

  • cattle: 10 serotypes
  • swine: 4 serotypes
  • sheep: 6 serotypes
  • goat: 2 serotypes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dog

A
  • 2 serotypes

- infectious canine hepatitis (type 1), infectious canine tracheobronchitis (type 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chicken

A
  • 12 serotypes

- rarely, inclusion body hepatitis and egg drop syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Turkey

A
  • 3 serotypes

- bronchitis, marble spleen disease, enteritis, egg drop syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Duck

A
  • 2 serotypes

- rarely, duck hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Quail

21
Q

Goose

Study These Flashcards
A
  • 3 serotypes

- isolated from liver, intestine

22
Q

Viral replication

Study These Flashcards
A

Mature virus –> attachment –> pentons, rupture of the phagocytic membrane –> hexons –> core enters nucleus, DNA is released

23
Q

Adenovirus causes ____, ______, or ______ respiratory disease

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute, mild or subclinical

  • confined to URT, may include conjunctivitis and bronchopneumonia
  • may have mild or subclinical gastroenteric disease
  • hepatitis
24
Q

Adenoviruses can be recovered from the _______

Study These Flashcards
A

Lymphoid organs of healthy animals

- long periods of latency

25
In what scenario is adenovirus pathogenic?
- to immunodeficient animals - generalized infections in Arabian foals with primary severe combined immunodeficiency - when avian immune systems are compromised by avian leukosis, infectious bursal disease or chicken anemia
26
Chicken anemia attacks the _____
Thymus
27
Canine adenovirus infections
- canine adenovirus 1: respiratory or ocular disease, encephalopathy, chronic hepatitis and nephritis - canine adenovirus 1 + 2: related to kennel cough - canine adenovirus 2: respiratory disease, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia
28
Which type of adenovirus is less severe?
Type 2
29
Canine adenovirus 1
Causes infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) - rare, due to widespread vaccination - majority are asymptomatic - susceptible dogs characterized by fever, hepatic necrosis, widespread hemorrhages as a consequence of vascular injury
30
Infectious canine hepatitis
- increase thirst - anorexia - tonsillitis - petechial hemorrhages on mucous membranes - diarrhea - may develop conjunctivitis and photophobia - severe ICH is most likely to occur in pups that are not immune to disease
31
Blue eye is caused by ______
Canine adenovirus 1 - results from corneal edema - convalescent stages of natural infection - 8-12 days after vaccination with attenuated live canine adenovirus 1
32
Vaccines
- Killed + attenuated live: available for canine adenovirus 1 - attenuated live: canine adenovirus 2
33
T/F: antigenic relationship between adenovirus 1 and 2 is sufficiently close
True | - canine adenovirus 2 vaccine can cross protect and does not cause corneal edema
34
Laboratory diagnosis
Confirmed by serologic testing --> complement fixation, hemagglutination inhibition, ELISA - PCR to detect viral nucleic acid - virus isolation - immunohistochemical staining of tissues with CAV-1 antibody
35
Canine adenovirus 2
Isolated from acute cough - one of agents implicated in kennel cough - experimental infection produced pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and tracheobronchitis - virus persists in respiratory tract for up to 28 days (very long time)
36
Canine adenovirus 2 does not produce ______ and _____
Renal and ocular lesions
37
Bovine adenoviruses
10 serotypes - only produce mild symptoms - pneumonia, enteritis in young or immunosupressed cattle
38
Which 2 serotypes of bovine adenovirus are more pathogenic?
BAV 3 and BAV 5
39
Does bovine adenovirus have a vaccine?
None licensed in the US
40
Equine adenovirus infections
Arabian foals suffer from primary severe combined immunodeficiency disease = absence of both T and B cells making them susceptible - maternal antibody wanes - occurs within 3 months of age
41
Which adenovirus is the main pathogen of equine adenovirus?
Type 1 - causes bronchitis, pneumonia - invades a wide range of tissues
42
Is equine adenovirus a genetic disease?
Yes, infects Arabians
43
Avian adenovirus infections
- group 1: share a common antigen, isolated from chickens, turkeys, and geese - group 2: share a different antigen, include viruses from turkey hemorrhagic enteritis, marble spleen disease, splenomegaly in chicken - group 3: partially antigenically related to group 1 viruses, associated with egg drop syndrome in chickens and ducks
44
Does group 1 share any common antigens with group 2?
No | - does not cross react
45
Avian adenoviruses produce subclinical infections in _________
Breeding flocks and contaminate eggs
46
Avian live virus vaccines
Want to use adenovirus contaminated cells to produce avian-live virus vaccines - chicken embryos origin cell cultures used as substrate for production of vaccines
47
______ can be used as a vector to carry another viral gene
Adenovirus
48
Laboratory diagnosis
Inoculation of fecal samples or tissue homogenates into cell cultures derived from homologous species - cytopathic changes evident on first passage - some enteric adenoviruses are difficult to grow in cell cultures - HI and neutralization assays are used for typing viral isolates
49
Which is easier to perform, HI or neutralization?
HI | - neutralization requires cell cultures

Infectious Agents 2 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions