Administrative Tasks

Question 1

Format of /etc/passwd entry

Answer 1

username:password:UID:Primary GUID:comment:homedir:default shell

Question 2

User IDs under _____ are reserved for system users

Answer 2

100

Question 3

What can you change the shell section of an /etc/passwd entry to that will cause the user to not be able to login?

Answer 3

/bin/false

Question 4

Normal user accounts have IDs from ___ to ____

Answer 4

500 to 1000

Question 5

What should permissions be on /etc/passwd

Answer 5

644

Question 6

What should permissions be on /etc/shadow

Answer 6

600

Question 7

pwck

Answer 7

Verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information by checking /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow

Question 8

useradd -c

Answer 8

usually used to set user’s full name

Question 9

useradd -d

Answer 9

Used to set the user’s home directory

Question 10

useradd -e

Answer 10

Set the user’s expiration date in the form YYYY-MM-DD

Question 11

useradd -p

Answer 11

Set your own encrypted password

Question 12

useradd -M

Answer 12

Do not create the home directory

Question 13

useradd -m

Answer 13

Create the home directory /home/username if it does not exist

Question 14

useradd -G

Answer 14

Defines all the other groups that the member belongs to. Separate each group by a comma .

Question 15

useradd -g

Answer 15

Sets the default group that is the users group when the user first logs in

Question 16

useradd -f INACTIVE

Answer 16

defines the number of days after a password expires that an account is permanently disabled. Value of 0 disables immediately after the password expires and -1 disables the entire inactive feature.

Question 17

useradd -k skel_dir

Answer 17

Use skel_dir as the skeleton directory instead of /etc/skel

Question 18

Location for default settings for the useradd command

Answer 18

/etc/default/useradd

Question 19

chage

Answer 19

Used to change and manage users’ expiry dates

Question 20

chage -E

Answer 20

set the date that the user’s password will expire

Question 21

chage -I

Answer 21

Set the number of days of inactivity after a password expired before locking the account

Question 22

chage -m

Answer 22

Set minimum number of days between password changes

Question 23

chage -M

Answer 23

Set maximum number of days which a password is valid

Question 24

groupdel

Answer 24

Used to delete a group (cannot do this if any user has the group as their primary group)

Question 25

groupmod -g

Answer 25

Specify a new group id

Question 26

groupmod -o

Answer 26

When used with -g it allows two groups to share the same group id

Question 27

groupmod -n

Answer 27

Specify a new group name

Question 28

userdel -f

Answer 28

Force the deletion of the user even if they are logged in. | Will also delete home directory and mail

Question 29

userdel -r

Answer 29

Will remove the home directory and mail. | Note: does not remove all other files owned by the user outside of their home directory

Question 30

usermod -d

Answer 30

Set the user's home directory

Question 31

usermod -e

Answer 31

Set the date on which the account will expire

Question 32

usermod -f

Answer 32

Number of days after a password expires until account is permanently disabled

Question 33

usermod -g

Answer 33

default login group

Question 34

usermod -G

Answer 34

List of extra groups a user is part of

Question 35

usermod -l

Answer 35

Change the login name of the user

Question 36

usermod -L

Answer 36

Lock the account

Question 37

/etc/group

Answer 37

File containing list of groups and all the members associated with the group

Question 38

groupadd -g

Answer 38

Specify a group id

Question 39

groupadd -r

Answer 39

Chooses a group id less than 500 used for system groups

Question 40

groupadd -f

Answer 40

Forces group creation even if there is already a group by that name

Question 41

passwd -x

Answer 41

Specify number of days a password must remain valid

Question 42

passwd -n

Answer 42

Minimum number of days between password changes

Question 43

passwd -i

Answer 43

Make account inactive after password has been expired for some number of days

Question 44

echo $$

Answer 44

Display current shell process

Question 45

echo $?

Answer 45

Display exit value of the last command

Question 46

echo $!

Answer 46

Display the PID of the last job run in background

Question 47

echo $0

Answer 47

Display the name of the shell or script

Question 48

Location that crontabs are stored for users

Answer 48

/var/spool/cron/*

Question 49

atq

Answer 49

List pending AT jobs

Question 50

File in which you list users that you want to deny use of at

Answer 50

/etc/at.deny

Question 51

File in which you list users that you want to specifically allow use of at

Answer 51

/etc/at.allow

Question 52

File in which you list users that you want to deny use of cron

Answer 52

/etc/cron.deny

Question 53

File in which you list users that you want to allow use of cron

Answer 53

/etc/cron.allow

Question 54

atrm jobnum

Answer 54

Will remove the at task with the specified jobnum

Question 55

at

Answer 55

Program that causes commands specified to be executed once at a specified later time. End things with ctrl + d

Question 56

at now + 1 minute

Answer 56

Will perform the specified commands 1 minute from now

Question 57

Cron Format

Answer 57

minute hour day month day-of-week command

Question 58

What do locale settings determine?

Answer 58

Language, country, currency symbols, etc.

Question 59

Language environment variable

Answer 59

LANG

Question 60

Are timezone settings part of locale settings?

Answer 60

no!

Question 61

Location of the time zone file

Answer 61

/etc/timezone

Question 62

How to set the correct timezone?

Answer 62

ln –s some timezone file from /usr/share/zoneinfo to /etc/timezone or copy the correct zone file from /usr/share/zoneinfo and replace /etc/timezone

Question 63

tzconfig

Answer 63

GUI tool to help make time zone changes

Question 64

iconv

Answer 64

Utility used to convert between character sets

Question 65

Unicode

Answer 65

Character set designed to support as many languages as possible