Adolescence Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
first visible sign of puberty in males and hallmark of SMR 2
A
testicular enlargement 9.5yrs
followed by development of pubic hair
2
Q
first visible sign of puberty in females and hallmark of SMR 2
A
appearance of breast buds (thelarche)
between 7 and 12 years of age
3
Q
early adolescence
A
10-13 years old
4
Q
middle adolescence
A
14-17 years old
5
Q
late adolescence
A
18-21 years old
6
Q
females attain peak height velocity of
A
8-9cm/yr at SMR 2-3 approximately 6 months before menarche
7
Q
males attain peak height velocity of
A
9-10cm/yr later in course of puberty (SMR 3-4)
8
Q
concrete operations
egocentric
follow rules and avoid punishment
A
early adolescence
9
Q
preoccupied with changing body
self-conscious about appearance and attractiveness
A
early adolescence
10
Q
same sex peer relations
A
early adolescence
11
Q
emergence of abstract thought
A
middle adolescence
12
Q
increasing introspection
A
middle adolescence
13
Q
conflicts over control and independence
struggle for greater autonomy
increased separation from parents
A
middle adolescence
14
Q
intense peer involvement
A
middle adolescence
15
Q
exploration of sexual identity
A
middle adolescence
16
Q
Idealism
improved impulse control
A
late adolescence
17
Q
more stable body image
A
late adolescence
18
Q
increased autonomy
A
late adolescence
19
Q
peer group and values recede importance
A
late adolescence
20
Q
consolidation of sexual identity
A
late adolescence
21
Q
SMR STAGE (female) sparse, lightly pigmented straight pubic hair
A
SMR 2
22
Q
breast papilla elevated as small mound
A
SMR 2
23
Q
coarse, curly, abundant pubic hair
A
SMR 4
24
Q
secondary mound
A
SMR 4
25
in males: coarse curly pubic hair
SMR 4
26
enlarged scrotum
SMR 2
27
larger, dark scrotum
SMR 4
28
increased sexual awareness and interest
early adolescents
29
refers to a person's sense of being a boy/girl, girl/woman, other gender
Gender identity
30
refers to one's role in society typically male or female
gender role
31
characteristics in personality, appearance and behavior that are in a given culture and time considered masculine or feminine
gender expression or social sex role
32
referes to attractions, behaviors, fantasies and emotional attachements toward men, women or both
Sexual orientation
33
develops early in life and typically fixed by 2-3 years old
gender identity
34
clinically significant distress of impairment in school/occupational or other important areas of functioning associated with incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender for atleast 6 months
Gender dysphoria
35
gender-affirming care includes
alleviate gender dysphoria
psychological evaluation and supportive therapy
puberty, suppression, feminizing or masculinizing hormone therapy
surgery
36
benign genital HPV infection is caused by
HPV types 6 and 11
37
HPV infection that can cause cervical cancer
HPV 16 and 18
38
repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules
Conduct behavior
ex: physical fighting, deceitfulness, stealing, destruction of property, threatening or causing physical harm to people or animals, driving without license, prostitution, rape
39
what is used to assess an adolescents' risk of violence
FISTS
```
Fighting
Injuries
Sex
Threats
Self-defense
```
40
used to screen for adolescents' substance use
CRAFFT
41
common signs of anticholinergic syndromes
```
delirium with mumbling speech
tachycardia
dry, flushed skin, dilated pupils
myoclonus
slightly elevated temperature
urinary retention
decreased bowel sounds
seizures and dysrrhythmias in severe cases
```
common causes: antihistamines, atropine, amantadine, antidepressants, antispasmodic, mydriatic agents
42
common signs of sympathomimetic syndromes
delusions, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, mydriasis
Common causes: cocaine, amphetamine, metamphetamine, marijuana, OTC anticongestants
43
common signs of opiate, sedative, or ethanol intoxication
```
coma
respiratory depression
miosis
hypotension
bradycardia
hypothermia, pulmonary edema
```
common causes:narcotics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol, clonidine
44
common signs of cholinergic syndrome
```
confusion
cns depression
weakness
salivation
lacrimation
urinary and fecal incontinence
GI cramping
emesis
diaphoresis
muscle fasciculations
pulmonary edema
```
common causes: organophosphate and carbamazepine insecticides, physostigmine, edrophonium and some mushrooms
45
what is the CRAFFT mnemonic tool?
```
Car
Relax - to feel better
Alone
Forget things you did while on alcohol?
Friends telling you should cut down
Trouble
```
46
what are the clinical manifestations of alcohol?
CNS depressant
produces euphoria, grogginess, talkativeness, impaired short-term memory
increased pain threshold
47
how do we screen patients for alcohol?
CRAFFT or AUDIT
score >/= 8 identifies people who drink excessively
48
lethal dose of alcohol
>500mg/dl
49
effects of nicotine
stimulates adrenal glands to release epinephrine causing immediate elevation of BP, RR and HR
50
most commonly abused illicit drug
Marijuana
51
what are the effects of halucinogen LSD?
3 categories: somatic, perceptual and psychic
somatic: dizziness, dilated pupils, nausea, flushing, elevated temperature and tachycardia
"seeing", smells; "hearing" colors
52
what is the other name of MDMA?
"X", ecstacy"
interact with serotonin levels
manifestations: euphoria
less likely to produce emotional lability, depersonalization and disturbances by thought
53
clinical manifestations of cocaine use?
strong CNS stimulant that increases dopamine levels by preventing reuptake
sympathomimetic effects: pupillary dilation, tachycardia, hypertension and hyperthermia
54
also known as the "ice"
metamphetamine: nervous stimulant
small amount: inc physical activity, rapid/irregular heart rate, inc BP and dec appetite
high dose: slowing of cardiac conduction, hypertensive and hyperpyretic
tx: Haloperidol for agitation and delusional behaviors
55
Correlates more closely with chronologic age than pubertal maturation
Cognitive development
56
Self perceived identification distilled from any or all aspects of sexuality
Sexual identity
57
Most prevalent viral STI
HSV2
58
Painless ulcer with well demarcated indurated borders and a clean base
Syphilis; primary
59
Hallmark of adolescent development
Separation from parents
60
Most popular drug among teens
Alcohol
61
Hallmark of adolescent development
Separation from parents
62
Most popular drug among teens
Alcohol
63
Hallmark of adolescent development
Separation from parents
64
Most popular drug among teens
Alcohol
65
Good estimate of predicted final adult height
Midparental height
66
Index of physiological maturation
Bone age
67
Ejaculation occurs at
SMR 3
68
Breast and areola enlarged; no contour separation
SMR 3
69
Sparse lightly pigmented pubic hair,straight, medial border of labia
SMR 2
70
Sequence of pubertal events in boys
Testicular enlargement —> adrenarch —> continued testicular and penile enlargement —> peak height velocity with peak eeight velocity
71
Sequence of pubertal events in girls
Thelarche —> adrenarche —> peak height velocity —> continued breast and hair development —> menarche —> completion of puberty
72
Menarche achieved by 90% of girls during
SMR breast 4
