Adolescent Psychiatry

Question 1

Which is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood

Answer 1

ADHD

Question 2

What does ADHD stand for

Answer 2

Attention deficit hyperactive disorder

Question 3

Which gender is more affect in ADHD

Answer 3

Males

Question 4

Aetiology of ADHD

Answer 4

Genetic
Familial dysfunction
Parental stress

Question 5

3 core diagnostic criteria for ADHD

Answer 5

Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity

Question 6

Describe inattention in ADHD

Answer 6

Listen/attend closely to detail 
Sustain attention in play activities 
Follow instruction 
Finish homework 
Organise tasks requiring sustained application 
Loses/forgets things

Question 7

Describe hyperactivity in ADHD

Answer 7

Squirming/fidgeting 
On the go at all times
Talking incessantly
Climbs over everything 
Restless 
No quiet hobbies

Question 8

Describe impulsivity in ADHD

Answer 8

Blurts out answers
Interrupts others 
Cannot take turns 
Intrudes on others 
Poor road safety

Question 9

What is the setting criteria for ADHD

Answer 9

Must be present in at least 2 different settings

For example home and school

Question 10

What type of history is essential in ADHA diagnosis

Answer 10

Collateral:

E.g parents/teachers

Question 11

Which scale is used to Dx ADHA

Answer 11

Conner’s Comprehensive Assessment Scale

Question 12

Which are ADHD medications advised not to be given at weekends/holidays

Answer 12

As they suppress appetite

And therefore could stunt growth in a developing child

Question 13

Side effects of ADHD medications

Answer 13

Appetite change
Weight change
Sleep
(BP a little)

Question 14

Long term complications of ADHD

Answer 14

Substance misuse
Dissocial personality disorder 
Unemployment 
Low self esteem 
rate suicide 
Anxiety 
Depression

Question 15

What is ADHD associated with in terms of the future (academic, employment, criminal activity, mental health problems)

Answer 15

Decreased academic success
Decrease employment success
Increased criminal activity
Increased adult mental health problems

Question 16

Rx for ADHD

Answer 16

Psychoeducation
Psychological therapies
Medications

Question 17

What is psychoeducation in ADHD

Answer 17

Give clear education and advice

Parent education/training programmes are recommended

Question 18

Which psychological therapies are used to treat ADHD

Answer 18

CBT

Family therapy

Question 19

1st and 2nd line medication Rx for ADHD

Answer 19

1st: Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

2nd line: Atomoxetine

Question 20

What is ADHD

Answer 20

Neurobehavioural disorder of childhood

Developmentally abnormal inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity present across time and situations

Question 21

Is autism more common in girls or boys

Answer 21

Boys

Question 22

Which condition is autism associated with

Answer 22

epilepsy

Question 23

What is NOT linked to autism

Answer 23

MMR

Question 24

How is IQ associated with autism

Answer 24

Often associated with a lower IQ

Question 25

2 core symptoms of autism

Answer 25

Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts Restricted repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities

Question 26

When does autism have to have developed

Answer 26

Present in early developmental period

Question 27

Ix for autism

Answer 27

Specialist autism team Detailed Hx Collateral Hx Observation across different settings

Question 28

Rx for autism

Answer 28

Recognition and acknowledgement of disability Parent training Early intensive behavioural therapy Support

Question 29

Which drugs can help autism

Answer 29

Melatonin (to help sleep) Risperidone (to help aggression) SSRIs can sometimes help repetitive behaviour

Question 30

Which drug can help sleep in autism

Answer 30

Melatonin

Question 31

Which drug can help aggression in autism

Answer 31

Risperidone

Question 32

Which drug can sometime help repetitive behaviour in autism

Answer 32

SSRI

Question 33

3 broad categories of characteristic autistic behaviour

Answer 33

Impaired reciprocal social interaction Impaired imagination Poor range in activities and interests

Question 34

Give an example of impaired reciprocal social interaction

Answer 34

abnormal response to being hurt | unawareness of existence of others feelings

Question 35

Give an example of poor range in activities and interests in autism

Answer 35

marked distress over minor/trivial changes | insists on following rotein

Question 36

Give an example of impaired imagination in autism

Answer 36

Few facial expressions Avoids mutual gaze Do not act adults roles