Adolescents

Question 1

Distinctive needs due to

Answer 1

High caries rate
Tendency for poor OH, eating habits, routine oral care access
Increased risk of perio
Dental phobia
Potential tobacco, nicotine, alcohol and other recreational drug use
Desire for oral piercings
Increased risk of preg or STI
Eating disorders
Unique social psychological needs

Question 2

Caries rate higher b/c

Answer 2

1. immature perm Tooth enamel,
2. increase in surfaces,
3. diet,
4. independence to seek or avoid dental care,
5. low priority for OH and other social factors

Question 3

Fluoride for adolescents

Answer 3

benefits throughout teens-early adulthood, no systemic benefit after 16, but topical benefit,
brush 2x/day w/ fluoridated toothpaste,
professionally applied F- depends on pts caries risk assessment,
prescription strength home products optional if risk indicates it,
optimal systemic F- intake via water or F- professionally prescribed supplements advised up to age 16

Question 4

Oral Hygiene

Answer 4

standard instructions

Question 5

Increased risk may mean need for….

Answer 5

sealants
Data suggests arrest or reversal of noncavitated caries using sealants, 5% NaF varnish, 1.23% APF gel and 5000 parts/million F- toothpaste and in advanced cavitated caries on primary teeth using SDF.

Question 6

Small non-cavitated interproximal caries and facial white spots post ortho tx can be treated with…

Answer 6

resin infiltration

Question 7

gingival disease becomes prevalent in adolescence due to caries

Answer 7

caries
mouth breathing, 
crowding, 
eruption of teeth 
hormonal changes which increase the inflammatory response

Question 8

Perio issues w/ adolescent to think about

Answer 8

Gingivitis, 
non dental plaque induced gingival disease, 
perio (chronic and aggressive), 
necrotizing perio, 
perio as manifestation of systemic disease, 
perio abscess, 
endo-perio lesions, 
mucogingival deformities (recession)

Question 9

Occlusal considerations w/ adolescent

Answer 9

Malocclusion
Third molars
TMJ
Congenitally missing teeth
Ectopic eruption

Question 10

Trauma

Answer 10

Make sports guard for kids in sports

Question 11

Tobacco, nicotine, alcohol, rec drug use

Answer 11

smoking/tobacco use initiated and established primarily during adolescence.
Increased risk of oral cancer from chewing tobacco, increased risk of lung and pancreatic cancer, Cardiovascular disease, stroke and risk-taking behvaiors w/ nicotine, e-cigs, vaping, alcohol and rec drugs.
Also cause halitosis, staining

Question 12

oral piercings

Answer 12

Should be DISCOURAGED -
risks are pain, bleeding, swelling, hematoma, delayed healing, nerve damage, abscess, hep B, C or HIV, EBV, tetanus, TB, endocarditis, metal hypersensitivity, choking from loose jewelry, enamel fractures, gingival trauma, perio recession, speech impediment and swallowing issues or aspiration

Question 13

Pregnancy

Answer 13

should screen all adolescent females for preg., physiologic changes = gingivitis, preg associated dry mouth, pyogenic granuloma

Question 14

STIs

Answer 14

screen for oral signs and discuss risk of transmission during oral sex (rec condoms/dental dams), HPV link to oral and oropharyngeal cancers allows dentist to discuss HPV vaccine

Question 15

Psychosocial

Answer 15

Anxiety, depression, phobias, eating disorders