Adrenal gland

Question 1

Adrenal gland Surrounded by ____________ but separated from the kidney by _____________

Answer 1

Gerotas’s fascia

Perirental fat

Question 2

Cortex of adrenal gland is __________ in origin

Answer 2

Mesodermal

Question 3

start from coelomic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge

Answer 3

Week 4-6

Question 4

differentiate into thin definite outer cortex and thick inner fetal cortex

Answer 4

Week 8

Question 5

Fetal cortex produce ___________ during gestation and involutes at birth

Answer 5

Steroid

Question 6

develop into functional adrenal cortex

Answer 6

Definite cortex

Question 7

Medulla derived from

Answer 7

Neural crest cell

Question 8

Week 5 : neural crest cell migrate to ______________ and ____________ region towards medial aspect of adrenal cortex

Answer 8

Para-aortic and para vertebral

Question 9

located to the left of aortic bifurcation near the origin of IMA

Answer 9

Adrenal chromaffin cell

Question 10

Form fetal adrenal cortex

Answer 10

Mesenchyme cells

Question 11

Form symphatetic ganglia

Answer 11

Neural crest cells

Question 12

Outer bright yellowish, Inner reddish brown

Answer 12

Cortex

Question 13

Concern with fluid and electrolyte balance

Answer 13

Mineral corticoids

Question 14

Concern with metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Answer 14

Glucocorticoids

Question 15

Plays a role in the prepubertaldevelopment of the sex organs

Answer 15

Sex hormones

Question 16

Present at birth

Answer 16

Zona glomerulosa

Zona fasciculata

Question 17

Develop during first year of life

Answer 17

Zona reticularis

Question 18

Secretes on zona glomerulosa

Answer 18

Aldosterone, Deoxycorticosterone

Question 19

Zona fasciculata

Answer 19

Cortisol

Cortisone

Question 20

Zona reticularis

Answer 20

Testosterone
Estrogen
Progesterone

Question 21

a syndrome resulting from inadequate secretion of corticosteroid hormones due to the progressive destruction of the adrenal cortex

Answer 21

Addisons disease

Question 22

the condition resulting from excess amounts of corticosteroid hormones in the body.

Answer 22

Cushings syndrome

Question 23

Thin and gray in color

Answer 23

Medulla

Question 24

n. a small vascular tumour of the inner region (medulla) of the adrenal gland. Many tumours function by their uncontrolled and irregular secretion of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline. They cause attacks of raised blood pressure, increased heart rate, palpitations, and headache.

Answer 24

Pheochromocytoma

Question 25

Medulla secretes

Answer 25

Catecholamine

Question 26

Right suprarenal gland

Answer 26

Pyramidal in shape Behind the right lobe of liver and IVC Rest posteriorly in the diaphragm

Question 27

Left suprarenal gland

Answer 27

Crescenticin shape Behind the pancreas, lesser sac and stomach

Question 28

Artery of suprarenal gland

Answer 28

Suprarenal branch of inferior phrenic nerve Suprarenal branch of Aorta Suprarenal branch of Renal artery

Question 29

Right adrenal vein

Answer 29

drains to inferior vena cava

Question 30

Left adrenal vein

Answer 30

Drain to left renal vein

Question 31

Lymph drainage of adrenal gland

Answer 31

Lateral aortic nodes

Question 32

Nerve supply adrenal gland

Answer 32

Preganglionic symphateticfibers Majority ends in the medulla

Question 33

May be helpful in detecting mass in adrenal area Calcification in adrenal

Answer 33

Plain abdominal X- ray

Question 34

Hypoechoic

Answer 34

Dark mass in ultrasound

Question 35

Ultrasound Adult appearance

Answer 35

Entirely hypoechoic ○Concave with straight margin

Question 36

Ultrasound in Newborn ○Cortex _________, Medulla ____________

Answer 36

Hypoechoic | Hyperechoic

Question 37

Ultrasound indication

Answer 37

adrenal masses ( larger than 2 cm

Question 38

On precontrastscan adrenal have soft tissue density similar to that of liver

Answer 38

CT scan

Question 39

CT scan Normal adrenal appear inverted _________shape within retroperitoneal fat

Answer 39

V or Y

Question 40

CT scan indication

Answer 40

masses (adenoma & cancer) Cyst abscess metastasis

Question 41

Equally effective as CT in imaging adrenal disorder

Answer 41

MRI

Question 42

Selective injection of contrast into the adrenal vein with an angiographic catheter

Answer 42

Adrenal venogram

Question 43

Indication of adrenal venogram

Answer 43

hormone active tumor | adrenal hyperplasia & adrenal adenoma Cushing’s diseases

Question 44

Procedure in which contrast is injected into adrenal arteries to detect any vascular pathology

Answer 44

Arteriography

Question 45

Indication of arteriography

Answer 45

Adrenal tumor Adrenal hyperplasia CONN syndrome

Question 46

Usual role of scintigraphyis to clarify inconclusive result of imaging

Answer 46

Scintigraphy

Question 47

Indication of scintigraphy

Answer 47

Functional status of adrenal nodule Assess contralateral adrenal function Detect functional metastasis Detect recurrence after surgery Detect ectopic site of hormone production

Question 48

NP-59 ( 6-B-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol ) Selenium-75 6-B-selenomethylnorcholesterol

Answer 48

Adrenocortical imaging agent

Question 49

MIBG ( metaiodobenzylguanidine

Answer 49

Symphatoadrenal imaging agent

Question 50

Indication for mibg

Answer 50

Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma, carcinoid, adrenal metastasis

Question 51

Adrenocortical carcinoma Adenoma Adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 51

NP- 59