Adrenal glands - Medulla / Cortex Flashcards
What does the medulla secrete:
N.E and Epi to stim Symp N.S
What are the 3 layers of the cortex and what do they secrete
Corticosteroids
Zona reticularis - Androgens
Zona fasciculate - Glucocorticoids
Zona glomerulosa - Mineralcorticosteroids
What is difference between mineralcorticoids and Glucocorticoids
Mineral- control electrolytes Na+K+ - Aldosterone
Glucocorticoid - increase glucemia - Cortisol/ Androgens
Synthesis of aldoestrone and cortisol and androgens = >
Made in mt and E.R
They stimulate glucoeneogenesis
What does an increase in plasma A.A cause:
Inc in : De-animation of A.A in Liver Prot synth in Liver Plasma prot Gluconeogenesis
What can cortisol do to fat cells
Stops F.a from adipose tissue , increases [ ] in Free F.A and catabolism
How does inflamation work :
5 stages INFLAMATION
1) Release of interlukins
2) Erythema ( inc blood flow)
3) Plasma leakage into damage areas (non pitting forms)
4) Leukocytes enter
5) Fibrous tissue flow
Cortisol works how?
Blocks early < inflamation or Act. > inflamation healing
MECHANISM of decreasing inflammation process
1) inc difficulty for lysosome memb to break)
2) cortisol dec perm of capil
3) Dec migration of leucocytes into inflamed areas
4) Supress immune system by dec lymphocytes
5) dec interlukin 1alpha and dec vasolidation
DECREASE IN cortisol seen in :
anemia
what is cortisol
a lipid soluble , regulating gene trasncription with G. R. E and Hormone R complex
Increase in ACTH :
Inc. steroids and Inc. cAMP
Inc. Cortisol
Controlled by CRF (in PVN of median eminence of ant. pit gland of hypothal )
ACTH activates:
A.C and Inc. cAMP and act. Intracell enzyme that form adrenocortical hormones
regulated by PKA - because.. PKA responsible for Cholest -> pregnolone -> adrenocortical secretion
Stress cause:
Inc ACTH = Inc Cortisol
cortisol use a -‘ve feedback system to dec CRF and ACTH
POMC gene
Gene that activates the ant.pituitary dermis cells to convert POMC to ACTH
