Adrenegic Agonists

Question 0

Side effects of ALPHA 1 agonists

Answer 0

Vasoconstriction
Decongestion
Mydriasis

Question 1

Site for adrenergic ALPHA 1 receptors

Answer 1

Vascular smooth muscle (constriction)

Question 2

Receptors for ALPHA 2 agonists

Answer 2

Central sympathetic vase motor center

Question 3

Clinical significance of ALPHA 2 agonists

Answer 3

Anti hypertensive

Question 4

Receptors for BETA adrenergic agonists

Answer 4

Heart, lower respiratory smooth muscle, bladder wall, uterus, skeletal muscle vasculature

Question 5

Clinical significance of BETA receptor agonists

Answer 5

Cardiac stimulation
Bronchodilation
Decrease uterine contractions

Question 6

Key properties of catecholamines

Answer 6

Potent
Rapidly inactivated by COMT/MAO
Polar

Question 7

Methoxamine receptor selectivity

Answer 7

Alpha 1

Question 8

Indications for methoxamine

Answer 8

Maintain/restore/support BP
Reverse hypotension linked to shock
Evoke bradycardia to combat tachycardia (paroxysmal SV)

Question 9

Pharmacokinetics of Methoxamine

Answer 9

Long duration of action

More CNS penetration

Question 10

Adverse reactions to alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

Answer 10

Hypertensive headache, anxiety
Nausea & vomiting
Pulmonary edema
Cerebral hemorrhage

Question 11

Phenylephrine receptor selectivity

Answer 11

Alpha 1> Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist

Question 12

Indications for phenylephrine

Answer 12

Relieve nasal congestion
Evoke Mydriasis (avoiding cycloplegia)
Evoke reflex bradycardia

Question 13

Phenylephrine pharmacokinetics

Answer 13

Non chatecholamine
Long duration of action
More CNS penetration

Question 14

Why is phenylephrine preferred over anti-muscarinic agents as a myadritic?

Answer 14

Lack of cycloplegic effect = less of a chance of triggering latent or worsening glaucoma

Question 15

Clonidine receptor selectivity

Answer 15

ALPHA 2 adrenergic agonist

Question 16

Indications of Clonidine

Answer 16

Lower blood pressure in patients with HTN

Temper withdrawal from opiates/diazepenes

Treat diarrhea in diabetics

Diminish hot flashes

Question 17

Albuterol receptor selectivity

Answer 17

B2 adrenergic agonist

Question 18

Indications for albuterol/Salmeterol/Terbutaline

Answer 18

Acute treatment of bronchospasm (wheezing, breathing difficulties) seen in asthma/COPD

Question 19

Salmeterol receptor selectivity

Answer 19

B2 adrenergic agonist

Question 20

What is the off label use for Terbutaline?

Answer 20

Delay/reduce premature labor

Question 21

Dobutamine receptor selectivity

Answer 21

B1>B2>a1 adrenergic agonist

Question 22

Indications for Dobutamine

Answer 22

Short term inotropic support in CHF/surgical procedures

Measure cardiac response to stimulated stress/exercise

Evaluate efficacy of medications for angina

Eval risk for Coronary heart disease

Identify arrhythmias

Question 23

Isoproterenol receptor selectivity

Answer 23

Non selective B adrenergic agonist

Question 24

Indications for Isoproterenol

Answer 24

Tx of AV block or cardiac arrest To alleviate acute attack of asthma

Question 25

Norepinephrine receptor selectivity

Answer 25

a>B adrenergic receptor agonist

Question 26

Indications for NE

Answer 26

Increase vascular resistance/BP in acute hypotensive shock BUT NE will decrease blood flow to kidney and PVR is quite high in patients with shock

Question 27

Treatment goals of shock

Answer 27

Optimize tissue perfusion Treatment of underlying cause Volume replacement Controversial: Dopamine, NE

Question 28

Dopamine receptor selectivity profiles

Answer 28

Low doses: b1 | High dose a1

Question 29

Epinephrine receptor selectivity

Answer 29

B=A Adrenergic

Question 30

Indications for epinephrine

Answer 30

Advanced cardiac life support Relief of bronchospasm Anaphylaxis Prolong duration of local anesthetic

Question 31

What are the differences in low/high doses of epinephrine ?

Answer 31

Low: b1,2> a1(almost no change) High: b1-b2-a1. (Increase PVR)

Question 32

Ephedrine receptor selectivity

Answer 32

B-A Adrenergic agonist, indirect Adrenergic agonist

Question 33

Indications for ephedrine

Answer 33

Relieve nasal congestion Relief bronchospasm Asthma, press or during spinal anesthesia, heart block etc

Question 34

Amphetamine receptor selectivity

Answer 34

Indirect acting Adrenergic agonist

Question 35

Indications for amphetamine

Answer 35

ADHD narcolepsy Depression Weight loss

Question 36

Tyramine receptor selectivity

Answer 36

Indirect acting Adrenergic agonist

Question 37

Cocaine selectivity

Answer 37

MOA transporter inhibitors

Question 38

Indication for cocaine

Answer 38

Epistaxis

Question 39

MOA of cocaine

Answer 39

Block uptake of NE into Adrenergic nerve terminals

Question 40

Adverse effects for Adrenergic agonists

Answer 40

Pressor agents: hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, headache Cardiac stimulants: angina, MI, tachycardia, myocardial damage CNS: fear, anxiety, tension, headache, tremor, paranoia

Question 41

Substance in wine/cheese that can precipitate a hypertensive crisis when someone is taking a MAOI

Answer 41

Tyramine

Question 42

Which drug class is commonly used to treat asthma

Answer 42

B2 Adrenergic receptor agonists