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Pharmocology > Adrenergic and Anti-Adrenergic Drugs (EXAM 2) > Flashcards

Adrenergic and Anti-Adrenergic Drugs (EXAM 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of adrenergic?

A

-they stimulate the sympathetic nervous system
-mimic norepinephrine and epinephrine

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2
Q

what are the adrenergic receptor sites?

A

heart
bronchi
gi tract
urinary bladder

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3
Q

what do alpha 1 receptors do? (AGONIST)

A

-Increases cardiac contractility
-vasoconstriction
-dilute pupils
-increases blood pressure
-increases bladder relaxation and urinary sphincter

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4
Q

What is an easy way to remember what alpha 1 receptors do? (AGONIST)

A

it all has sympathetic response

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5
Q

What does alpha 2 receptors do? (AGONIST)

A

-decreases BP
-promote vasodilation
-decreases GI motility and tone

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6
Q

What is an easy way to remember what alpha 2 receptors do? (AGONIST)

A

parasympathetic response

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7
Q

What do adrenergic receptors mimic?

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

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8
Q

what do beta 1receptors do? (AGONIST)

A

-increases cardiac contractility
-increases BP and HR

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9
Q

what do beta 2 receptor do? (AGONIST)

A

-bronchodilation
-decreases gi tone and motility
-increases blood flow in skeletal muscles
-relaxes smooth muscles of the uterus
-activates liver glycogenolysis and increases blood glucose

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10
Q

who activates liver glycogenolysis

A

beta receptor 2

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11
Q

How is norepinephrine inactivated?

A
  • it is reuptake up back into the neuron
    -Enzymatic transformation or degradation
    -Diffusion away from the receptor
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12
Q

what is an example of a direct acting sympathomimetics

A

They directly stimulate the adrenergic receptor
-Epinephrine and norepinephrine

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13
Q

what is the action of epinephrine (SYMPATHETIC)

A

-increases vasoconstriction
-promote bronchodilation
-increases BP,HR, CO

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14
Q

what is epinephrine used for

A

ANYTHING THAT MAKES YOUR BODY GO IN THAT FIGHT OR FLIGHT (SYMPATHETIC)
anaphylaxis
bronchospasm
cardiogenic shock
cardia arrest

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15
Q

how is epinephrine given and why?

A

-given with IV
-if given orally it will take too long to work which is not good in those serious situations

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16
Q

dont give epinephrine with what?

A

-beta blockers=decrease epinephrine action
-digoxin causes cardia dysrhythmias

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17
Q

why dont give epinephrine with beta blockers

A

because they decrease the action of it

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18
Q

should we give digoxin with epinephrine

A

causes dysrhythmias

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19
Q

contraindications of adrenergic

A

hypertension
cardiac dysrhythmias
renal impairment
cerebrovascular disease

20
Q

can epinephrine be given PO

A

No because it will take too long

21
Q

what is epinephrine good for/ used for

A

-increase HR
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels
-increase blood pressure
bronchodilation

22
Q

Toxicity of epinephrine

A

affects renal
tissue necrosis with extravasation

23
Q

how does epi affect perfusion

A

it increases perfusion

24
Q

what kind of sympathomimetic is epi

A

direct acting
stimulate the adrenergic receptor

25
Q

what actions should you take with a patient on adrenergic agonist

A

-get that baseline vitals
-monitor for Iv infiltration

26
Q

teaching with adrenergic agonist

A

-report tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias
-avoid cold meds and diet pills if hypertensive, diabetic, CAD or dysrhythmias
-avoid use of nasal spray

27
Q

why should you avoid continuous use of adrenergic nasal spray

A

-they cause vasoconstriction

28
Q

what do adrenergic antagonists do?

A

-they block the alpha and beta sites
-inhibit the release of epinephrine and epinephrine

29
Q

selective adrenergic antagonist

A

block alpha 1

30
Q

nonselective adrenergic antagonist

A

block alpha 1and alpha 2

31
Q

what is the action of alpha adrenergic antagonist

A

-they promote vasodilation
-so basically the opposite of agonist

32
Q

what do we adrenergic antagonist to do

A

decrease symptoms of BPH and PVD

33
Q

Alpha 1 effects (ANTAGONIST)

A

-vasodilation
-dizziness
-orthostatic hypotension
-pupil constriction
-reduces contraction of smooth muscles in bladder neck and prostate

34
Q

Beta 1 effects (ANTAGONIST)

A

reduces cardiac contractility
decreases HR

35
Q

Beta 2 effects (ANTAGONIST)

A

bronchospasm
contracts uterus
inhibits glycogenolysis

36
Q

who should you not give Beta 2 (ANTAGONIST)

A

if they have low blood pressure

37
Q

Name some selective beta blocker

A

-metoprolol
-atenolol

38
Q

what do selective beta blocker does

A

blocks only beta 1
-leads to a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate
-they have fewer side effects

39
Q

what kind of medication is metoprolol and atenolol?

A

it is beta adrenergic blocker

40
Q

easy way to remember adrenergic agonist

A

-they boost the effects of adrenergic
-they affect the sympathetic nervous system

41
Q

what decrease the effects of beta adrenergic blockers

A

-NSAIDS

42
Q

what increase the effects of beta adrenergic blockers

A

other antihypertensive
anything that lowers BP more

43
Q

so what should you do with your patient before you give a patient a beta blocker/ beta adrenergic blocker

A

check to see if they are on any antihypertensive

44
Q

side effects of beta adrenergic blocker

A

-Everything is low and slow
-bradycardia
-hypotension
-dysrhythmias
-dizziness
-drowsiness
–fatigue
-depression

45
Q

what does adrenergic antagonists do to the blood vessels?
what does this lead to?

A

dilate them
lead to decrease in BP and HR

46
Q

what cues are you looking for with beta adrenergic antagonist

A

-obtain baseline vitals and ECG
-determine what drugs the patient currently takes

47
Q

adrenergic antagonist nursing interventions

A

-monitor vitals
-report significant decrease in BP
-assist patient with orthostatic hypotension
-advice the patient that it takes time for the medication to work 2-3 weeks

Pharmocology (14 decks)

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