Adrenergic drugs

Question 1

What do adrenergic drugs mimic

Answer 1

Catecholamines like Norepinephrine, Epinephrine and dopamine

Question 2

Types of adrenergic receptors

Answer 2

A adrenergic receptor, B adrenergic receptor, and Dopaminergic receptors

Question 3

Where are A1 adrenergic receptors located

Answer 3

Located on the postsynaptic effector cells (the cell, muscle or organ the nerve stimulates)

Question 4

Where is A2 adrenergic receptors located

Answer 4

Located on presynaptic nerve terminals (stimulates the effector cells and control the release of NT)

Question 5

What do A adrenergic agonist do

Answer 5

Causes Vasocontraction and CNS stimulation

Question 6

Where are B adrenergic cells located

Answer 6

All are on postsynaptic effector cells

Question 7

Where are B1 adrenergic receptors located

Answer 7

Located on the heart (B1, 1 heart)

Question 8

Where are the B2 adrenergic receptors located

Answer 8

Smooth muscles of the Bronchioles, arterioles and visceral organs (B2, 2 for 2 lungs)

Question 9

What do Adrenergic Agonists do

Answer 9

Bronchial, GI and uterine smooth muscle relaxation, glycogenolysis and cardiac stimulation

Question 10

What do dopaminergic receptors do

Answer 10

cause dilation of the renal, mesenteric, coronary, cerebral blood vessels promoting blood flow.

Question 11

What do A1 receptors on the the cardiovascular blood vessels do

Answer 11

Constriction

Question 12

What do B1 receptors do on the cardiac muscle do

Answer 12

Increase contractility

Question 12

What do b2 receptors on the the cardiovascular blood vessels do

Answer 12

Dilation

Question 13

What do B1 on the AV node do

Answer 13

Increase heart rate

Question 14

What does B1 do on the SA node

Answer 14

Increase heart rate

Question 15

What do B2 receptors do on the GI muscle

Answer 15

Decrease motility and relaxation of the smooth muscle

Question 16

What do the A1 receptors on the sphincter do in the GI

Answer 16

constriction

Question 17

What does the A1 receptors do on the bladder

Answer 17

Contraction of the sphincter

Question 18

What does A1 receptors do to the penis

Answer 18

Cause ejactulation

Question 19

What does the A1 receptor do to the uterus

Answer 19

Contraction

Question 20

What does the B2 receptor do to the uterus

Answer 20

relaxation

Question 21

What does the B2 receptor do to the bronchial muscle

Answer 21

Dilation of relaxation of smooth muscles

Question 22

What does the B2 receptors do to the liver

Answer 22

Glycogenolysis

Question 23

What does the B2 receptors do to the liver

Answer 23

increase renin secretion

Question 24

What does A1 receptors do to the pupillary muscle

Answer 24

dilation of the pupil

Question 25

MOA of direct acting sympathomimetic

Answer 25

Binds directly to the receptor and causes a response

Question 26

MOA of indirect acting sympthomimetic

Answer 26

Cause the release of catecholamine from the storage site. They then bind to receptors causes a reaction

Question 27

MOA of mixed acting sympathomimetic

Answer 27

Stimulated the receptor by binding to it causing the release of stored NT

Question 28

Drug effects of A adrenergic receptors on smooth muscle

Answer 28

- Vasoconstriction of blood vessels - Relaxation of GI smooth muscles, decreasing motility - Constriction of the bladder sphincter - Contraction of uterus - Male ejactulation - Contraction of pupillary muscles of the eye

Question 29

Drug effects of B1 adrenergic receptors on myocardium, atrioventricular (AV) node, and sinoatrial node results in cardiac stimulation.

Answer 29

- Increase force of contraction (positive inotropic) - Increase heart rate (positive chronotropic) - Increase conduction through AV node (positive dromotropic)

Question 30

Drug effects of B2 adrenergic receptors

Answer 30

- Bronchodilation - Uterine relaxation - Increased renin secretion in the kidneys - Relaxation of GI smooth muscles (decreased motility)

Question 31

Indications of B2

Answer 31

Asthma and bronchitis (any need to dilate the bronchioles)

Question 32

Indications of A1

Answer 32

Nasal congestion or any need for constriction of dilated arterioles Like phenylephrine hydrochloride

Question 33

What is the relief of conjunctival congestion

Answer 33

A adrenergic receptors ( phenylephrine hydrochloride, epinephrine )

Question 34

Type of drug to reduce intraocular pressure and dilation of pupils (treatment of open angle glaucoma)

Answer 34

α-Adrenergic receptors

Question 35

vasoactive sympathomimetics AKA...

Answer 35

pressors, inotropes or cardioselective sympathomimetics

Question 36

Uses for cardioselective sympathomimetics

Answer 36

Supports the heart during cardiac failure or shock. Affects A and B-receptors

Question 37

What is Dobutamine

Answer 37

Selective vasoactive B1-adrenergic drug

Question 38

What is Dobutamine used for

Answer 38

Increase cardiac output by increasing contractility, Which increases stroke volume, especially in patients with heart failure.

Question 39

What is Epinephrine

Answer 39

Endogenous vasoactive catecholamine that acts on both a and B adrenergic recepotrs

Question 40

What is Epinephrine used for

Answer 40

Used for advanced cardiac life support (vasocontraction)

Question 41

What is norepinephrine

Answer 41

Simulates B Adrenergic effects on the heart (B1-adnergic receptors. Does not stimulate B2 adrenergic receptors of the lungs

Question 42

What does norepinephrine treat

Answer 42

Hypotension and shock

Question 43

What is phenylephrine

Answer 43

Works On A adrenergic receptors

Question 44

What does phenylephrine used for

Answer 44

used primarily for the short term treatment to raise blood pressure in patients who are in shock, Vasocontraction in regional anaesthesia

Question 45

A adrenergic adverse effects

Answer 45

- CNS Headache, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, euphoria - Cardiovascular Palpitations (dysrhythmias), tachycardia, vasoconstriction, hypertension - Other Loss of appetite, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, taste changes (rare)

Question 46

B adrenergic adverse effects

Answer 46

- CNS Mild tremors, headache, nervousness, dizziness, insomnia, euphoria - Cardiovascular Chest pain, increased heart rate, palpitations (dysrhythmias), hypertension, vasoconstriction - Other Sweating, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps

Question 47

Interactions of adrenergic drugs

Answer 47

- Anesthesia drugs - Digoxin - MAOIs - Tricyclic antidepressants (hypertensive crisis) Antihistamines (increased adrenergic effects) - Thyroid preparations