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Pharm drugs HC > Adrenergic drugs--Hwa > Flashcards

Adrenergic drugs--Hwa Flashcards

1
Q

Where are alpha 1 receptors located?

A

Everywhere

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2
Q

Where are alpha 2 receptors located?

A

On the blood vessels

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3
Q

Where are beta 1 receptors located?

A

On the heart

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4
Q

Where are beta 2 receptors located?

A

Respiratory tract, blood vessels, and uterus

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5
Q

What do alpha 2 receptors do?

A

Vasoconstriction, some inhibition of NE (negative feedback loop)

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6
Q

Name the alpha 1 agonist drugs

A

Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine) and oxymetazoline

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7
Q

Name the alpha 2 agonist drugs

A

Clonidine (Catapress) and dexmedetomidine

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8
Q

Name the Beta 1 selective agonists

A

Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

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9
Q

Name the Beta 2 selective agonists

A

Albuterol (Ventolin), salmeterol, terbutaline

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10
Q

Name the non-selective beta agonists

A

Isoproterenol (isuprel)

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11
Q

Name the non-selective alpha ANTagonists

A

phenolamine and phenoxybenzamine

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12
Q

Name the A1 selective ANTagonists

A

Prazosin, Tamsulosin, Doxazosin

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13
Q

Name the nonselective beta blockers

A 
propranolol 
Timolol
Pindolol
Sotalol
Labetolol
Carvedilol
Nadolol
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14
Q

Name the beta 1 selective antagonists

A

metoprolol

atenolol

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15
Q

What patient groups are we worried about giving beta 2 nonselective blockers?

A

COPD patients, asthma patients. Also, diabetics because Beta 2 blockers inhibit insulin, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. After an insulin shot, diabetics then become more prone to hypoglycemia

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16
Q

What is isoproterenol used for?

A

Vasodilation and increase HR (non-selective beta blocker)

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17
Q

What are the side effects of isoproterenol?

A

tachycardia, BP, arrhythmias

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18
Q

What is phenylephedrine used for?

A

Nasal decongestion, mydriatic, hypertensive

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19
Q

What is phenylephedrine used for?

A

Vasoconstriction

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20
Q

What is clonidine used for?

A

hypotension, menopausal flushing, migraine

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21
Q

How is clonidine delivered?

A

IV

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22
Q

What are the effects of clonidine administration?

A

Acute hypertensive response

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23
Q

What are the side effects of clonidine?

A

dry mouth, sedation, contact dermatitis

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24
Q

What is dobutamine used for?

A

Cardiogenic shock

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25
Q

What are the effects of dobutamine?

A

Increased HR and contractility, dilation of renal and mesenteric vessels

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26
Q

What are the side effects of dobutamine?

A

Tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension, ectopic activity

27
Q

What are the side effects of albuterol?

A

Tachycardia, tremor, tolerance

28
Q

What is mirabegron used for?

A

Overactive bladders

29
Q

What is the action of miraegron? What receptor does it work on?

A

Beta 3 adrenergic receptor agonist. Relaxes detrusor muscle

30
Q

What is the side effect of mirabegron?

A

Tachycardia, HT

31
Q

What is ephredrine used for?

A

nasal decongestant, hypotension. Also called pseudoephedrine.

32
Q

What is the effect of ephedrine?

A

Increases Norepinephrine release, causing prolonged CNS stimulation.

33
Q

What are the adverse reactions of ephedrine?

A

HTN, insomnia, tachyphylaxis

34
Q

What is amphetamine used for?

A

Obesity, narcolepsy, ADD

35
Q

What is the effect of amphetamine?

A

Increases amine release, causing CNS stimulation

36
Q

What are the side effects of amphetamine?

A

Restlessness, tremor, irritability, insomnia, dependency, tolerance

37
Q

What is tyramine used for?

A

Increased amine release

38
Q

What are the side effects of tyramines?

A

Hypotension…also beware of interaction with MAOIs

39
Q

What does cocaine do?

A

Local anesthetic

40
Q

How does cocaine work?

A

Inhibits NE, dopamine, CNS stimulant

41
Q

What are adverse reactions with cocaine?

A

Hypertension, AMI, arrhythmias, seizures

42
Q

Name three ways that antagonists can block adrenergic innervation (sympatholytics)

A
  1. Decrease sympathetic outflow from the brain
  2. Suppress nerve terminal NE
  3. Block post-synaptic receptors
43
Q

What do you use phentoamine for?

A

Decreasing blood pressure. It is rarely used.

44
Q

What do you use phenoxybenzamine for?

A

Peripheral vasospasm

45
Q

What are the adverse rxns with phenoxybenzamine?

A

Hypotension, tachycardia

46
Q

What is Prazosin used for?

A

Anti-HTN

47
Q

What are the adverse effects of prazosin?

A

First dose effect, large decrease in blood pressure causing postural hypotension

48
Q

What is propranolol used for?

A

Hypertension, IHD, arrhythmias

49
Q

What are the adverse rxns with propranolol?

A

Bradycardia, CCF, bronchoconstriction, hypoglycemia, aggravated PVD

50
Q

What do you use timolol for?

A

Glaucoma

51
Q

What are the adverse rxns with timolol?

A

Bronchoconstriction

52
Q

What is pindolol used for?

A

Beta blocker used in patients with bradycardia, or with poor cardiac drive

53
Q

What is sotalol used for?

A

Atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias

54
Q

What is the effect of sotalol?

A

Prolongs the cardiac action potential by blocking the K channels

55
Q

What is metoprolol used for?

A

HT, IHD

56
Q

What are adverse reactions associated with metoprolol?

A

Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia

57
Q

What is atenolol used for?

A

HT, renal excretion, IHD

58
Q

What are adverse reactions associated with atenolol?

A

Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia

59
Q

What is labetolol used for?

A

Hypertension, pheochromocytoma

60
Q

What are some adverse reactions with labetolol?

A

Hypotension, tachycardia

61
Q

What is carvedilol used for?

A

Treatment of heart failure. It’s been shown to improve survival through antioxidant effects

62
Q

Name the non-selective alpha agonists

A

Methoxamine

63
Q

What drug blocks alpha1, alpha 2, beta 1 and beta 2?

A

Labetolol

Pharm drugs HC (3 decks)

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