Adrenergic Drugs-Konorev

Question 1

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are examples of these drugs

Answer 1

Direct adrenomimetics-Mixed alpha and beta agonists

Question 2

Dobutamine, isoproterenol, terbutaline, and albuterol are examples of these drugs

Answer 2

Direct adrenomimetics-Beta agonists

Question 3

Dopamine and fenoldopam are examples of these drugs

Answer 3

Direct adrenomimetics-Dopamine agonists

Question 4

Phenylephrine and methoxamine are alpha agonists that have a higher affinity for this receptor:

Answer 4

a1>a2&raquo_space;»»»B

Question 5

Clonidine is an alpha agonist that has a higher affinity for this receptor

Answer 5

a2 > a1&raquo_space;»> B

Question 6

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are mixed alpha and beta agonists have higher affinity for these receptors

Answer 6

a1=a2; B1 > B2 for norepi

a1=a2; B1=B2 for epi

Question 7

Dobutamine is a beta agonist that has highest affinity for this receptor

Answer 7

B1

Question 8

Isoproterenol is a beta agonist with highest affinity for this receptor

Answer 8

B1=B2

Question 9

Albuterol, terbutaline are beta agonists that have highest affinity for this receptor

Answer 9

B2

Question 10

Dopamine has highest affinity for these receptors

Answer 10

D1=D2

Question 11

Fenoldopam is a dopamine agonist with highest affinity for this receptor

Answer 11

D1&raquo_space; D2

Question 12

Epinephrine has its effects on cardiac function by binding these receptors

Answer 12

B1

Question 13

Epinephrine has its effects on vascular tone by binding to this receptor

Answer 13

B2 and a1

Question 14

Epinephrine has its effects on relaxing bronchial smooth muscle by binding to this receptor: ___ and decreases bronchial secretion and congestion within bronchial mucosa by binding to this receptor: ___

Answer 14

Relax bronchial smooth m: B2

Decrease secretion: a1

Question 15

Epinephrine has its effects on causing muscle tremor and increases K uptake by skeletal muscle by binding these receptors

Answer 15

B2

Question 16

Epinephrine has its effects on blood glucose levels by enhancing liver glycogenolysis by binding to this receptor ___ and inhibits insulin release by binding to this receptor ___

Answer 16

Glycogenolysis: B2

Inhibit insulin: a2

Question 17

Dopamine stimulation by binding to ___ causes vasodilation –> high density of these receptors in renal, cerebral, mesenteric, and coronary vessels

Answer 17

D1

Question 18

This alpha adrenergic agonist binds a1 > a2&raquo_space;»> B; it is an effective mydriatic and decongestant, causes severe vasoconstriction and BP elevation, and is not a catechol

Answer 18

Phenylephrine

Question 19

This drug is a selective a2 agonist has a central effect on a2 receptors in the lower brainstem area which decreases sympathetic outflow, reduction in BP, and bradycardia. Its local application produces vasoconstriction

Answer 19

Clonidine

Question 20

___ activates a2 receptors in the vasomotor center of the brain, reduces sympathetic activity in the body, and reduces peripheral vascular resistant, decreases heart rate and CO

Answer 20

Clonidine

Question 21

Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta agonist. Name the receptor associated with the following actions of isoproterenol:

• Positive inotropic and chronotropic action, increases CO: ___
• Vasodilator, decreases arterial pressure: ___
• Causes bronchodilation: ___

Answer 21

B1

B2

B2

Question 22

This drug is a selective B1 agonist with potent inotropic action. It has less prominent chronotropic action as compared to isoproterenol

Answer 22

Dobutamine

Question 23

These drugs are selective B2 agonists that cause bronchodilation and relaxation of the uterus

Answer 23

Terbutaline and albuterol

Question 24

This indirect sympathomimetic drug inhibits the re-uptake of DA and NE

Answer 24

Cocaine

Question 25

This indirect sympathomimetic drug inhibits MAO

Answer 25

Selegiline and phenelzine

Question 26

These indirect sympathomimetic drugs reverse NE and DA uptake mechanism and increase their relese

Answer 26

Amphetamines, Methylphenidate, and Tyramine

Question 27

This indirect sympathomimetic drug is a releasing agent AND direct adrenergic receptor agonist

Answer 27

Ephedrine

Question 28

___ agonists usually are more lipophilic and easily penetrate the BBB - have significant central effects --> CNS stimulants

Answer 28

Indirect adrenergic agonists

Question 29

Amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methyphenidate are this type of agonist

Answer 29

Indirect adrenergic agonists --> mild alerting affects, improved attention

Question 30

This indirect adrenergic agonist inhibits transmitter reuptake at adrenergic synapses, has peripheral and intense central adrenomimetic action, and local anesthetic properties

Answer 30

Cocaine

Question 31

This indirect adrenergic agonist releases stored catecholamine with some direct adrenomimetic action; is a plant constituent, non-catechol (long DOA and effective after PO); Non selective; Mild stimulant (enters CNS)

Answer 31

Ephedrine

Question 32

This indirect adrenergic agonist accumulates in protein rich food during fermentation. It is readily metabolized by MAO in the liver (very high 1st pass effect) and if administered parenterally, affords indirect sympathomimetic action caused by release of stored catecholamines

Answer 32

Tyramine

Question 33

These adrenergic agonists can be administered during hypotensive emergencies (hemorrhagic shock, OD of antihypertensives, CNS depressants)

Answer 33

Norepi, phenylephrine, and methoxamine

Question 34

This adrenergic agonist can be used for treating chronic hypotension

Answer 34

Ephedrine

Question 35

These adrenergic agonists can be administered to treat cardiogenic shock due to massive acute MI

Answer 35

Dopamine and dobutamine

Question 36

For CV conditions, namely heart failure: Short term use of ___ is used in acute HF while ___ is used in congestive severe HF with reduced renal perfusion

Answer 36

Dobutamine Dopamine

Question 37

For HTN tx with adrenergic agonists: ___ for long-term tx of HTN ___ for hypertensive emergencies

Answer 37

Alpha-2 agonists Fenoldopam

Question 38

For emergency therapy for complete AV block and cardiac arrest, these adrenergic drugs may be used

Answer 38

Epi and isoproterenol

Question 39

Phenylephrine, methoxamine, and clonidine are examples of these drugs:

Answer 39

Direct adrenomimetics-Alpha agonists

Question 40

Tx of bronchial asthma can be done with these B2 selective agonists

Answer 40

Albuterol and terbutaline

Question 41

This adrenergic agonist is effective at treating the respiratory component (bronchospasm and upper airway congestion) and the CV component (severe hypotension, cardiac depression) of anaphylaxis

Answer 41

Epinephrine

Question 42

This adrenergic agonist has ophthalmic applications like examination of the retina --> induction of mydriasis

Answer 42

Phenylephrine

Question 43

These alpha2 selective agonists can be used for glaucoma

Answer 43

Apraclonidine and brimonidine

Question 44

This B2 agonist can suppress premature labor

Answer 44

Terbutaline

Question 45

This adrenergic agonist can be used for stress urinary incontinence

Answer 45

Ephedrine

Question 46

These adrenergic agonists can be used for narcolepsy

Answer 46

Amphetamines and methylphenidate

Question 47

These adrenergic agonists can be used for tx of ADHD

Answer 47

Methylphenidate

Question 48

These adrenergic agonists can be used to tx obesity

Answer 48

Phentermine, ephedrine, and amphetamines

Question 49

List some non-selective (a1 and a2) receptor antagonists

Answer 49

Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine

Question 50

List some a1 receptor SELECTIVE anatagonists

Answer 50

Prazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, silodosin -All end in the suffix -osin!!!

Question 51

___ is a competitive a antagonist ___ is a non-competitive irreversible a antagonist

Answer 51

Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine

Question 52

List alpha antagonist drugs for the tx of pheochromocytoma

Answer 52

Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine

Question 53

These a1 selective antagonists can be used for tx of chronic (essential) HTN. They work well in moderate HTN and generally well tolerated

Answer 53

Prazosin, Terazosin, and Doxazosin

Question 54

This combo of alpha anagonists can be used to treat ED

Answer 54

Combo of phentolamine and non-specific vasodilator papaverine (injected into penis)

Question 55

These alpha antagonists can be used to tx BPH for chronic urinary obstruction

Answer 55

Tamsulosin and Silodosin Silodosin--> greater selectivity for a1A than a1B Prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin are also effective

Question 56

What are adverse effects associated with clinical use of alpha antagonists?

Answer 56

- Most significant effects are on the CV system - seen less with a1 selective antagonists - postural hypotension - tachycardia - retention of fluid and salt - impaired ejaculation - nasal stuffiness

Question 57

Labetalol and Carvedilol are examples of this type of adrenergic drug

Answer 57

Mixed antagonists B and a1 antagonists for both

Question 58

Propanolol, Pindolol, Nadolol, and Penbutolol are examples of this adrenoceptor antagonist

Answer 58

B1 and B2

Question 59

Metoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutolol, and Atenolol are examples of this type of adrenoceptor antagonist

Answer 59

B1 selective

Question 60

Atenolol, nadolol, propanolol, and betaxolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

Answer 60

Anatagonist

Question 61

Acebutolol, Labetalol, penbutolol, and pindolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

Answer 61

Partial agonists

Question 62

Carvedilol and metoprolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

Answer 62

Inverse agonists

Question 63

These beta blockers are used for long-term use in post-infarction period after an MI

Answer 63

Timolol, propanolol, and metoprolol

Question 64

These beta blockers can be used for tx of glaucoma

Answer 64

Timolol and betaxolol

Question 65

This beta blocker can be used to treat hyperthyroidism

Answer 65

Propanolol

Question 66

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug is a norepinephrine release inhibitor. It is taken up by the reuptake mechanism, replaces NE in vesicles, causes a gradual depletion of NE stores, and inhibits NE release via local anesthetic properties

Answer 66

Guanethidine

Question 67

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug is an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase

Answer 67

Metyrosine

Question 68

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug can be used for tx of chronic HTN: ___ This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug can be used for tx of pheochromocytoma: ___

Answer 68

Guanethidine Metyrosine