adult foot disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
What causes heel spur formation?
- biomechanical tractional pull from: plantar fascia, flexor accessorius, abductor hallus, abductor digiti minimi, long plantar lig, FDB
- secondary to inflammatory reaction
why do you get heel spur formation in pes cavus foot type?
don’t absorb shock very well, more rigid and supinated so there is a sharp pull that can lead to development of heel spur
why do you get heel spur formation in pes planus foot type?
pronating more, decreases the arch and elongated foot.
plantar fascia being pulled longer and longer leads to heel spur formation
which arthritis do you most commonly see heel spur formation?
Reiter’s syndrome (reactive)-59%
ankylosing spondylitis-44%
Psoriatic-41%
Rheumatoid-36%
How does equinus effect heel spur formation?
any joint capable of sagittal plane motion can cause spur formation in a pt with equinus
What can cause inferior heel pain?
atrophied fat pad (15-23mm)
calcified bursa
calcification/ deposition 2ndry to steroid injection
nerve entrapment
plantar fasciitis
What are the causes of posterior heel pain?
tendoachilles tear
retro-achillian bursa
retrocalcaneal bursa-most common-haglunds deformity
What is the normal range of the fowler-philip angle?
44-69
when does fowler-philip angle indicate pathology and when does it indicate osseous resection?
pathologic when greater than 75
osseous resection when calcaneal inclination angle + fowler philip is greater than 90
what are the causes of medial heel pain?
tarsal tunnel syndrome-posterior tibila nerve irritation as it passes through flexor retinaculum
medial calcaneal nerve entrapment
pttd; anterior displaced cyma line
what is calceal pitch used for?
determining if a foot is flat foot or high arched
what foot deformity do you have if calcaneal pitch is >21
pes cavus
what foot deformity if calcaneal pitch is 0-10
pes valgo planus
normal is 10-20
what foot type has a pseudo sinus tarsi
pronated
what foot type has bullet hole sinus tarsi
supinated
where is the apex located in a forefoot cavus
cuneo-met joint
where is the apex located in a midfoot cavus
distal to calc and posterior to cuneo-met joint
what is the calcaneal inclination angle in a hindfoot cavus foot type
greater than 30
what type of pes valgo planus has a calcaneal inclination angle > 10 and the inferior surface of the calcaneus is CONCAVE
acquired
what type of pes valgo planus has a calcaneal inclination angle <10 and the inferior surface of the calcaneus is CONVEX
congenital
where is the most common stress fracture located?
second mt due to hypermobile first ray
what are the three types of bunions?
positional, structural, combined
which type of bunion has the HA> PASA+DASA
5-10 degree difference
positional
HA»PASA + DASA
more than a 10degree difference
Combined
