adult IV Mcgowen Flashcards
(27 cards)
crystalloid passage and example
pass readily through a membrane
example: saline and LR
colloid passage and example
do not pass readily through a membrane
example: albumin or hetastarch
how many grams of glucose in D5W
50
size of IV needles
smaller number =
bigger number =
smaller = bigger bigger = smaller
isotonic solutions
NS
LR (has K and Ca)
uses of isotoni solution
to expand ECFV
cautions with IVF
fluid overload in pts with CHF or renal failure
NaCl can cause hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in very large amouts
LR are contraindicated as
diluent for blood transfusions
hypotonic solution options
D5W
1/2 NS
1/4 NS
D5 1/2 NS
D5W benefit and downside
no Na so no volume overload, not as good as a voume expander
-delivers free water
irritates veins
may cause hyperglycemia
can pure free water be given IV?
no bc it casues hemolysis
use of hypotonic solution
expand ecf volume and add free water
can fix hyperglycemia or hypernatremia
if use hypotonic solution for ecfV depletion caution with what
dangerous hyponatremia
monitor sodium closely
hypertonic options
3% NaCl
D5 (.9% NS)
D5 1/2 NS
D5LR
uses for hypertonic solution
3% NS for hyponatremia below 115
D5NS for head injury of pt
caution with hypertonic solution
administer slowly if used for hyponatremia bc of locked in syndrome
does dextrose containing IVF change glucose concentration of pt?
not usually bc uptaken by cells
in diabetic pt this may not be the case
normal sodium level
135-145
normal chloride level
95-105
normal bun level
7-24
normal postassium level
3.5-5.1
normal Co2-Hco3
22-28
normal creatinine level
0.7-1.4
normal glucose level
60-120
