Advanced Airway Techniques / Cannulation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Advanced Airway Techniques / Cannulation Deck (14)
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1
Q

3 Types of Advanced Airway

A

Supraglottic - IGEL
Surgical Cricothyroidotomy/ Surgical Airway
Endotracheal Intubation

2
Q

Contra-Indications of a Supraglottic Airway/IGEL

3

A

Gag reflex / conscious patient
Spontaneous Respirations
Significant Facial Trauma

3
Q

Indications for Surgical Cricothyroidotomy

A

Inability to ventilate
Inability to maintain Spo2 of more than 90%
Severe upper airway trauma

4
Q

Contra-Indications of Surgical Cricothyroidotomoy- surgical airway
(3)

A

Unable to identify anatomical landmarks
Anatomical abnormality (laryngeal fracture
Ability to secure the airway with less invasive means

5
Q

Indications of Endotracheal Intubation

A

Non-Anaesthetic
Deeply unconscious casualty
Management of Cardiac Arrest
With Aesthetic
Definitive airway for casualty transfer
Pre-empt airway obstruction from facial or neck trauma
Management of head/chest injuries

6
Q

Contra-Indications of an Endotracheal Intubation

A

Conscious patients

Trismus (lock jaw)

Difficult due to trauma, body shape or pre-existing disease (dependent on level of expertise)

7
Q

Potential complications of advanced airways

A
Hypoxia
Failed simple airway placement
Spinal cord injury
Damage to mouth, teeth or Larynx
Laryngeal spasm
Oesophageal intubation
Intubation of right bronchus only
8
Q

Definition of an IV cannula

A

A device that is inserted into a peripheral vein to take a blood sample or administrations of fluids and/or drugs

9
Q

Indications of an IV cannula

A

Short term therapy of less than a week – IV ABX, Fluids, Blood Transfusion

Bolus injections or short infusions – Drugs

Emergency Access

10
Q

With an IV cannula, what are the sights or indications you would avoid

A
Veins in the lower extremities
Points of flexion (wrists and elbows)
Veins close to arteries
Small visible superficial veins
Veins irritated from previous use
Limbs affected by a clinical condition (oedema, stroke, mastectomy)
Infected sites
Broken skin
11
Q

Describe the process of flushing with an IV cannula

A

10mls of 0.9% sodium chloride must be administered via a 10ml syringe after administration of the cannula

If giving a IV drug through the cannula 0.9% of sodium chloride must be administered before and after administration

Always check the date of the sodium chloride

12
Q

Types of IV fluids

2

A

Crystalloid fluids – solutions of small molecules of water (e.g, sodium chloride, glucose, Hartmann’s)

Colloid fluids – Blood products

13
Q

Potential risks of IV cannulation / infusion

A

Haemorrhage/haematoma
Perforation of veins
Cannulation of an artery
Infiltration/extravasation – The inadvertent administration of solution into the surrounding tissue, instead of the intended vascular pathway
Shear
Infection/phlebitis – Inflammation of the intima lining of the vein
Air embolism – Air introduced into the vascular system
Local/systemic infection

14
Q

When selecting an IV cannula, what are the sights to use/indications

A
Distal veins first above previous sites
Easily palpable veins
Veins in the non-dominant side
Veins opposite to surgical procedure
Veins with the largest diameter
Undertake a thorough assessment to locate a suitable vein