Advanced Higher Concepts Flashcards
Style
Ayre/Air
Song or simple melody, sometimes the title of a movement of a suite
Style
Anthem
Short sacred choral piece sung in English. Sometimes sung by a choir unaccompanied and sometimes accompanied by organ, featuring solo parts.
Style
Ballett
A type of madrigal in strophic form which was originally danced to. There is a fa-la-la refrain.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/ballett
Style
Chorale
A German hymn tune, written in four parts for soprano, alto, tenor and bass.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/chorale
Style
Contemporary Jazz
An umbrella term for all kinds of jazz music being played now. Includes
highly chromatic harmonies (verging on impressionist or atonal), rhythmic experimentation (cross rhythms, changing time signatures), development of a groove based on just two or three chords, instruments used in experimental ways (melodic instruments used in percussive roles, harmonics and other virtuoso performing techniques) and inclusion of instruments never used seriously in jazz before (flugelhorn, flute or oboe)
Style
Electronic dance music
A style in which a DJ combines tracks electronically into one smooth mix. It can encompass music of different genres including house music, dubstep, drum and bass.
Style
Galliard
A Renaissance court dance with 3 beats in the bar. It often follows a pavan.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/galliard
Style
Madrigal
A Renaissance, non-religious work, polyphonic in style, using imitation.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/madrigal
Style
Motet
A sacred choral work with Latin text and polyphonic texture, usually sung a cappella.
Style
Nationalist
Music which incorporates elements of folk music of the composer’s country.
Style
Neo-Classical
Made in 1929 by composters reacting against Romanticism, using structures and styles of earlier periods, combined with dissonant, tonal and even atonal harmonies.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/neo-classical
Style
Pavan
A Renaissance court dance with 2 beats in the bar. It is often followed by a galliard.
https://mymusiconline.co.uk/pavan
Style
Serial
A piece in which the 12 notes of the chromatic scale are organised into a series or tone row/note row.
Melody/Harmony
Appoggiatura
An ornament which sounds like a leaning note, takes half the value of the main note which follows it or two-thirds if the main note is dotted.
Melody/Harmony
Augmented triad
This chord is formed by a major triad in which the 5th degree is raised by a semitone.
Melody/Harmony
Chords I, IV, V and VI in major and minor keys
In a major key, it is normal for chords I, IV and V to be major chords. Chord VI is normally a minor chord.
Melody/Harmony
Chord II and 1st inversion (major key only)
In a major key, chord II tends to be a minor chord.
Melody/Harmony
Polytonality/bitonality
The use of two (bitonality) or more keys (polytonality) played or sung at the same time.
Melody/Harmony
Suspension
This effect occurs when a note from one chord is held over to the next chord creating a discord, and is then resolved by moving one step to make a concord.
Melody/Harmony
Tone row/note row
An arrangement of the 12 notes of the octave which forms the basis of a serial composition.
Melody/Harmony
Tritone
Interval of an augmented 4th, eg C–F sharp or F–B. It is made up of three whole tones.
Melody/Harmony
Turn
Four notes which turn round the main note with the note above, the main note, the note below, and the main note again.
Texture/Structure/Form
Answer
In a fugue, after the subject is played, the same tune appears in another voice or part in the dominant (a 5th higher or a 4th lower). This is called the answer.
Texture/Structure/Form
Bridge
A link between two themes.
