Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
(12 cards)
top antibiotic in ADR reports
cotrimoxazole
predictable ADRs
AH
prolonged AB
erythromycin
sedative
pseudomembranous colitis
theophylline metabolism effects
unpredictable ADRs
aspirin
dapsone (G6PD deficient px)
opiate/morphine
tinnitus
hemolytic anemia
pruritus
type ii
penicillin
quinidine
sulfonamides
penicillin - immune hemolytic anemia
quinidine - immune thrombocytopenia
sulfonamides - immune granulocytopenia
type iii - antigen excess.
serum sickness…
fever, rash, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy
kailan nag ooccur yung symptoms
1-3w
drug-related risk factors
structure dose route of administration *repetitive exposure *concurrent illness
large MW
large dose
IV > oral
host-related risk factors
age
sex
atopy
comorbids
extremes are less affected (prematurity; senescence)
females
does not affect frequency! pero more severe
HIV -> allergy to cotrimoxazole
sulfonamides -
most reactions are of what type?
presentation?
delayed type
maculopapular rash
vancomycin ADR
presentation
IV-infusion – what to do????
red man syndrome (cutaneous erythema, flushing, pruritus)
prolong infusion! premedicate with AH!
opiates (morhpine) _ mast cell….
these are direct mast cell releasers
*anaphylactoid (non IgE mediated)
vaccines
prepared using embryonated chicken eggs
grown in chick embryo fibroblast culture
influenza
measles/mmr
some drugs may still cause ADRs w/o sensitization (no need for first exposure)
PI concept
