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Victor BNF Notes > Adverse Reactions to Drugs, Drugs in Driving > Flashcards

Adverse Reactions to Drugs, Drugs in Driving Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What exacerbates the effect of sedating drugs

A

Alcohol

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2
Q

What medications are sedating

A
  • Antihistamines
  • Anti-epileptic
  • Antipsychotic
  • Opioids
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • Baclofen
  • Hypnotics
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Quinolones
  • Levodopa (dopamine receptor antagonists)
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3
Q

Symptoms of Hypotension

A
  • Dizziness
  • Fainting
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4
Q

What medications cause hypotension

A
  • Alpha-blockers
  • Dopamine receptor agonists
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5
Q

What medications cause hypoglycaemia

A
  • Sulphonylureas
  • Insulin
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6
Q

How does a patient report an Adverse Drug Reaction

A

Yellow Card Scheme

(for biosimilar medication, state brand name and batch number)

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7
Q

Where to report a defective medication or device

A

Defective Medicines Report Centre of MHRA

(give all details)

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8
Q

What rate of side effect is very common

A

1 in 10

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9
Q

What rate of side effect is common

A

1 in 100

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10
Q

What rate of side effect is uncommon

A

1 in 1000

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11
Q

What rate of side effect is rare

A

1 in 10,000

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12
Q

What rate of side effect is very rare

A

<1 in 10,000

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13
Q

What drugs cause myelosupression (low blood count)

A
  • DMARDs
  • Anti-epileptics
  • Antibiotics
  • Immunosuppressants
  • Anti-folates
  • Carbimazole
  • Clozapine
  • Mirtazepine
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14
Q

What does low white cell count mean

A

susceptible to infection

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15
Q

What does red cell count mean

A

Anaemia (low red cells)

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16
Q

What does low platelet count mean

A

Thrombocytopenia (low platelet)

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17
Q

What medications cause oral ulcers

A
  • ACE inhibitors
  • NSAIDs
  • Nicorandil
  • Pancreatin
  • Cytotoxic (methotrexate)
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18
Q

What drugs cause oral candidiasis

A
  • corticosteroid inhalers
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19
Q

What drug stains teeth brown

Study These Flashcards
A

Chlorhexidine

20
Q

What drug stains teeth black

21
Q

What drug stains teeth yellow-grey

Study These Flashcards
A

tetracyclines

22
Q

What drug causes osteoporosis of jaw

Study These Flashcards
A

Bisphosphonates

(especially IV for cancer)

23
Q

What drugs cause gingival tissue hypertrophy

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Ciclosporin
  • Nifedipine
  • Phenytoin
24
Q

What drugs cause dry mouth

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Antimuscarinics
  • Antipsychotics
  • Opioids
  • Excessive diuretics
  • Antihistamines
  • Antidepressants
25
What drugs cause taste disturbances
- ACE Inhibitors - Amiodarone - Carbimazole - Clarithromycin - Lithium - Metformin - Metronidazole - Zopiclone
26
What drugs cause photosensitivity
- Antimicrobials - Amiodarone - Phenothiazine - Antipsychotics - Tacrolimus - Topical NSAID - Benzoyl Peroxide - Vit A - Isotretinoin
27
Examples of Antimicrobials that cause photosensitivity
- Antifungals (voriconazole) - Tetracycline Antibiotics (Doxycycline) - Other Anti-biotics (co-trimoxazole, Quinolone) - Anti-Malarials (hydroxychloroquine)
28
What is the cautionary and advisory label for drugs that cause photosensitive
Protect your skin from sun light, even on bright but cloudy day. Do not use sun beds
29
What drugs cause contact sensation
- Methotrexate - Chlorpromazine - Cytotoxic drugs
30
What drugs cause QT prolongation
- Antipsychotic drugs - Antidepressants - Anti-arrhythmic drugs - CNS drugs - Antimicrobial
31
What factors increase likely hood of QT prorogation
- increasing age - female sex - cardiac disease - Bradycardia - Electrolyte disturbances
32
What drugs cause Hypokalaemia
- loop/thiazide diuretics - Corticosteroids - Beta2 Agonist - Stimulant laxative overuse - Amphoteracin B
33
Drugs that increase risk of bleeding
- Anti-platelet (NSAID, SSRI, Venlafaxine, Clopidogrel, Praugrel, Abciximab - Anticoagulants
34
What drugs cause Thromboembolism
- Cytotoxic drugs - Oestrogens (HRT, combined contraceptive, tranexamic acid)
35
Drugs that cause Bradycardia
CVS Drugs: - Beta blockers - Amiodarone - Digoxine - rate limiting Calcium channel blockers - Clonidine CNS Drugs: - Antimuscarinics - TCA - Acetylcholinerase inhibitors
36
Examples of Rate limiting Calcium channel blockers
- Diltiazem - Verapamil
37
What drugs cause first first dose hypotension
CVS drugs: - Alpha blockers - ACE / ARBS -Nitrates - Indoramin
38
Drugs that cause Hypotension
Antihypertensives: - Beta-blockers - calcium channel blockers - ACE / ARB - Alpha blockers Other: - Alcohol - Dopamine receptor agonists - Diuretics - Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors - Antipsychotics - Gliflozins
39
What drugs cause antimuscarinic effect
- Antimuscarinic - TCA - Antihistamine - Clozapine - Antipsychotic
40
What drugs cause CNS effects
- Alcohol - Anaesthetics - Anti-epileptics - Antihistamines - Antipsychotics - Baclofen - Benzodiazepines - Opioids - Velafelaxine
41
What drugs cause peripheral neuropathy
- Amiodarone - Phenytoin - Isoniazide - Metronidazole
42
What drugs cause serotonin syndrome
- 5-HT1a Agonists - Antidepressants - 5-HT3 Antagonists (Amfetamines) - St Johns Wort
43
What drugs cause Ototoxicity (ear)
- Aminoglycosides - Cisplatin - Glycopeptides - Loop Diuretics
44
What drugs lower the seizure threshold
- Quinolones - SSRIs - Antipsychotics - Tramadol -Theophylline - Lithium - Baclofen - Amfetamines
45
What drugs increase serum potassium
- ACE Inhibitors/ ARBS - Aldosterone antagonists - Heparins - NSAIDs - Tacrolimus - Trimethoprim
46
What drugs reduce serum potassium
- Theophylline - B2 Antagonists - Corticosteroids - Diuretics - Stimulant Laxatives
47
What drugs cause hyponatraemia (reduced sodium)
- Carbamazepines - Diuretics - Antidepressants -NSAIDs - Desmopression

Victor BNF Notes (25 decks)

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