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EMT > AEMT Drugs Sevier County Utah > Flashcards

AEMT Drugs Sevier County Utah Flashcards

This flashcard deck was created using Flashcardlet's card creator (127 cards)

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1
Q

Activated Charcoal Indications

A

To treat in cases of poisonings and overdoses. Effectively binds to: ASA, amphetamines, Dilantin, strychnine, and phenobarbital .

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2
Q

Activated charcoal dosage

A

Adult 50 grams

Ped 1gm/kg, 50 gm max dose

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3
Q

Activated charcoal route of admin.

A

Oral

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4
Q

Activated charcoal therapeutic effects

A

It binds and absorbs ingested toxins still present in the gastrointestinal tract following emesis. Once bound, the combination is excreted.

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5
Q

Activated charcoal contraindications

A

Should not be given in: cyanide poisoning, caustic acids or alkalis, methanol (alcohol), iron pills, and lithium.

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6
Q

Activated charcoal side effects

A

May indirectly induce vomiting and cause nausea.

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7
Q

Activated charcoal special notes/restrictions

A

Patient should be alert and able to swallow. Take extra precautions to protect the airway against aspirations. Ruins clothing that it touches.

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8
Q

Activated charcoal supplied

A

25 and 50 gram slurry in a pre-filled tube.

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9
Q

Atropine Sulfate Indications

A

Sinus (normal tracing) bradycardia (p<30) and hypotension. PEA (pulseless electrical activity and asystole. Organophosphate poisoning.

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10
Q

Atropine sulfate route of admin.

A

IV, IO, ET, IM

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11
Q

Atropine sulfate dosage

A

Bradycardia: 0.5 mg with pulse<30 repeat q 3-5 minutes to max dose of 3 mg.
Asystole, PEA: 1 mg IV push q every 3-5 minutes, max of 0.04 mg/kg.
Dose 2-2.5 times via ET

Peds: not indicated.

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12
Q

Atropine Sulfate Therapeutic Effects

A

Increased heart rate. Increases SA and AV node conduction. Doesn’t allow parasympathetic nervous system to intervene to slow heart down.

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13
Q

Atropine Sulfate Contraindications

A

Tachycardia, Glaucoma, Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Flutter, Atrial tachycardia, V-fib, V-tach.

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14
Q

Atropine Sulfate Side Effects

A

Tachycardia, Dry mouth, thirst, flushing skin, blurred vision, headache, pupillary dilation, urine retension.

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15
Q

Atropine Sulfate Supplied

A

Preloaded Syringe 1mg/10ml at 0.1mg/ml.

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16
Q

Albuterol Indications

A

Acute Bronchospasm, wheezing, asthma, allergic reactions (anaphylaxis).

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17
Q

Albuterol route of admin.

A

Hand held metered dose inhaler (MDI), hand held nebulizer.

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18
Q

Albuterol dosage

A

Adult MDI 1-2 puffs per dose
Adult nebulizer 2.5 mg in 3ml normal saline, 3 dose max 10 minutes apart
Ped MDI 1-2 puffs per dose
Ped nebulizer 2.5 mg in 3ml normal saline, 3 doses max 10 minutes apart

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19
Q

Albuterol therapeutic effects

A

Decreases bronchospasm, improves pulmonary function. Main effect is bronchodilator.

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20
Q

Albuterol contraindications

A

Pts with known hypersensitivity to drug.

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21
Q

Albuterol side effects

A

Tremor, dizziness, nervousness, headache, nausea, tachycardia, angina, palpitations.

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22
Q

Albuterol special notes/restrictions

A

Assess pt respiratory status after each dose to determine the need of 2nd and/or 3rd doses.

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23
Q

Albuterol supplied

A

MDI, unit vial of 2.5mg/3ml for use in nebulizer.

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24
Q

Baby Aspirin Indications

A

Chest pain suspicious of cardiac origin. Myocardial infarction.

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25
Baby ASA route of admin.
Oral, chew, P.O.
26
Baby aspirin dosage
``` 324 mg (4 tabs) Peds: not recommended. ```
27
Baby Aspirin Therapeutic Effects
Given as an early potent anticoagulant. Blocks platelet aggregation and artery constriction. Reduce overall mortality of acute MI. Reduce nonfatal reinfarction.
28
Baby Aspirin Contraindications
Active ulcer/GI bleed. Hypersensitivity or allergy to aspirin. Any type of internal bleeding.
29
Baby Aspirin Side Effects
Allergic reaction, nausea/vomiting, indigestion, heartburn, tinnitus
30
Baby Aspirin Supplied
Tablets of 81 mg each.
31
D-50 Indications
Suspected hypoglycemia, altered LOC, coma/seizure of unknown etiology.
32
D 50 route of admin.
IV, IO, through free flowing line. 18 gauge IV best. 20 gauge - push slower.
33
D 50 dosage
Adult: D 50% 25 g in a 50 ml solution, slow admin (titrate) Peds: D 25% 2ml/kg pediatrics > 3 kg to 27 kg IV titrate to effect. (D50%: 25 g in a 50 ml solution titrate pediatrics > 37kg.) (For D25% mix: add 25 ml of dextrose 50% to 25 ml LR/NS)
33
D 50 Therapeutic Effects
Immediate source of glucose in circulating system.
34
D 50 Contraindications
Intercranial hemorrhage, Known CVA (stroke). (Dextrose can get into that tissue and cause necrosis.)
35
D 50 Side Effects
Local irritation. May precipitate severe neurologic symptoms in alcoholics.
36
D 50 Special Notes/Restrictions
Causes local tissue necrosis if IV infiltrates. Check glucose level prior to administration if possible.
37
D 50 Supplied
Pre-filled syringes and vials containing 50 ml of 50% dextrose (25 grams of dextrose).
38
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Indications
Ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia, asystole, pulseless electrical activity (PEA).
39
Epi 1:10,000 route of admin.
IV, IO, ET
40
Epi 1:10,000 dosage
IV/IO 1mg push repeated q 3-5 minutes. ET 2mg repeat every 3-5 minutes. Peds: 0.01 mg/kg push repeated every 3-5 minutes. ET 0.02? Mg/kg repeated q 3-5 minutes.
41
Epi 1:10,000 Therapeutic Effects
Increased heart rate. Increased myocardial contraction. Increased automaticity.
42
Epi 1:10,000 Contraindications
There are no contraindications in cardiac arrest.
43
Epi 1:10,000 Side Effects
None
44
Epi 1:10,000 Special Notes/Restrictions
None
45
Epi 1:10,000 Supplied
Pre-filled syringes containing 1 mg epinephrine in 10 ml solution.
46
Epinephrine 1:1,000 Indications
Anaphylaxis, Bronchospasm/asthma.
47
Epi 1:1,000 route of admin.
SQ, IM
48
Epi 1:1,000 dosage
SQ 0.3mg, can repeat 3 x with 10 minute intervals. Ped: SQ 0.01mg/kg up to 0.3mg, can repeat 3x at 10 minute intervals.
49
Epi 1:1,000 Therapeutic Effects
Increase systemic vascular resistance. Increased BP, Increased heart rate. Bronchial dilator.
50
Epi 1:1,000 Contraindications
Hypertension, Dysrhythmias, Tachycardia, Chest Pain.
51
Epi 1:1,000 Side Effects
Palpitations, Dysrhythmias, Hypertension, Tachycardia, Anxiety, Headache, Tremors, Nausea, Vomiting.
52
Epi 1:1,000 Special Notes/Restrictions
Use with pregnant women should be avoided whenever possible. (Vasoconstriction could cut off blood flow to the placenta.)
53
Epi 1:1,000 Supplied
Ampule containing 1mg/ml
54
Glucagon Indications
Hypoglycemia. ("Back up" to D 50)
55
Glucagon route of admin.
SQ, IM, IV, IO (IM best)
56
Glucagon dosage
1mg (Use 3cc syringe) Ped 0.1mg/kg (max dose 1mg)
57
Glucagon Therapeutic Effects
Causes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose. Inhibits glycogen synthesis. Elevates blood glucose level.
58
Glucagon Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug.
59
Glucagon Side Effects
Relatively free of adverse reactions except for occasional nausea and vomiting.
60
Glucagon Special Notes/Restrictions
Use when IV access is unavailable, IM preferred route. May repeat 1-2 times if no response (15-20 minutes between doses). Glucagon only works if the liver has glycogen stores.
61
Glucagon Supplied
2 vials to be mixed (one powder, one liquid) End item: 1mg/ml (1unit)
62
Lactated Ringers Indications
Hypotension, dehydration, burns, KVO, boluses.
63
Lactated ringers route of admin.
IV or IO infusion.
64
Lactated ringers dosage
As indicated by the pt condition and situation being treated.
65
Lactated Ringers Therapeutic Effects
Source of electrolytes. Increase circulating volume.
66
Lactated Ringers Contraindications
Congestive heart failure, renal failure, fluid overload.
67
Lactated Ringers Side Effects
Rare
68
Lactated Ringers Special Notes/Restrictions
Classification: Isotonic crystalloid.
69
Lactated Ringers Supplied
(Blank)
70
Lidocaine Indications
Pain due to OI infusion.
71
Lidocaine route of admin.
Slow push IO
72
Lidocaine dosage
20-40 mg SLOW PUSH (so it doesn't go to the heart. Can kill a person.) Ped: 0.5mg/kg slow push.
73
Lidocaine Therapeutic Effects
Anesthetic effect due to IO infusion.
74
Lidocaine Contraindications
History of allergy to lido or local anesthetics.
75
Lidocaine Side Effects
(Blank)
76
Lidocaine Special Notes/Restrictions
(Blank)
77
Lidocaine Supplied
Pre-filled syringes 100mg in 5 ml. (20mg/ml)
78
Versed (midazolam) Indications
Major motor seizures, status epilepticus, (Not in current protocol - skeletal muscle relaxant, acute anxiety states.) Active seizure - if not sure, lift eyelid to see eye movement.
79
Midazolam/Versed route of admin.
Slow IV, IM, IO, IN
80
Midazolam/Versed dosage
IV/IO 1-2mg initial 2 min intervals, slow titrate 2mg at a time up to 10 mg max dose or until desired effect obtained. IM 2-5mg IN (intranasal) 0.25-0.5 mg/kg to max of 20 mg one time dose. (Atomizer) Peds IV/IO 0.05mg/kg max dose 0.4mg/kg (4 doses) at 2 minute intervals or until desired effect. IM 0.1-0.15mg/kg IN 0.25-0.5mg/kg max dose 20 mg one time dose (Atomizer) WATCH DOSAGES AND ROUTES
81
Midazolam/Versed Therapeutic Effects
Short acting CNS depressant. Anticonvulsant, Short term sedation.
82
Midazolam/Versed Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, shock/hypotension, Glaucoma, Coma, Pregnancy, Renal Failure, ETOH Use Half Dose
83
Midazolam/Versed Side Effects
Cardiac arrhythmias, apnea, hypotension. (Monitor Airway)
84
Midazolam/Versed Special Notes/Restrictions
SBP must be > 100 mmhg adult, > 70 + (age in years x 2). Impairs memory in 90% of patients.
85
Midazolam/Versed Supplied
5 mg multi dose vial at 5mg/ml.
86
Morphine sulfate Indications
Severe pain in selected situations, acute myocardial infarction (AMI). HAVE NARCAN READY IN CASE OF HYPERSENSITIVITY. If pain 6+ then consider use. Take vitals between doses.
87
Morphine sulfate route of admin.
IV, IO, IM, SQ
88
Morphine sulfate dosage
IV, IO, IM, SQ 1-15 mg (2-4 mg increments) titrate to effect. Peds same routes 0.1-0.2mg/kg (1-4 mg increments) max 10mg, titrate to effect.
89
Morphine sulfate Therapeutic Effects
Decreased to pain perception and anxiety. Peripheral vasodilation/venous pooling. Decreased myocardial work load. (Possible use in chest pain.)
90
Morphine sulfate Contraindications
Head injury*, hypotension, asthma/COPD/respiratory depression, hypersensitivity to MS
91
Morphine sulfate Side Effects
Respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia, nausea/vomiting (Monitor Airway and Breathing)
92
Morphine sulfate Special Notes/Restrictions
Have Narcan and respiratory assistance available. Monitor vitals closely.
93
Morphine sulfate Supplied
10mg/ml preloaded syringes. 0.1 ml = 1mg
94
Narcan Indications
``` Narcotic overdoses (morphine, Demerol, heroin, dilaudid, paregoric, percodan, fentanyl, methadone, codeine) Synthetic analgesic overdose (Nubain, talwin, stadol, darvon/darvocet) ```
95
Narcan route of admin.
IV, IO, IM, SQ, ET | Preferred IV
96
Narcan dosage
0.4-2mg IV titrated slowly to adequate respirations. 0.8 mg IM per dose when IV is not established. Ped: 0.1 mg/kg slow admin titrated to adequate respirations.
97
Narcan Therapeutic Effects
Reverses most effects of narcotic and synthetic narcotic agents.
98
Narcan Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug.
99
Narcan Side Effects
Vomiting with rapid administration, ventricular dysrhythmias, precipitate acute narcotic withdrawal syndrome, seizures, hypertension. (Monitor Resp)
100
Narcan Special Notes/Restrictions
Rapid onset, short acting - possible re-sedation. Slow administration (may induce vomiting if given too quickly)
101
Narcan Supplied
2 mg at 1mg/ml pre-filled syringe.
102
Nitroglycerin Indications
Chest pain consistent with acute coronary symptoms.
103
Nitroglycerin route of admin.
Sublingual
104
Nitroglycerine dosage
0.4 mg q 5 minutes, max 3 doses as long as SBP>100 mmHg, as long as symptoms persist. Ped: not indicated.
105
Nitroglycerin Therapeutic Effects
Dilates coronary and system arteries. Increases blood pooling -> less preload -> less cardio work load.
106
Nitroglycerin Contraindications
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP), hypotension/shock, glaucoma, Use of Viagra/Cialis/Levitra med within previous 24 hours.
107
Nitroglycerin Side Effects
Headache, dizziness, hypotension
108
Nitroglycerin Special Notes/Restrictions
Monitor vitals closely. IV access preferred prior to administration if possible.
109
Nitroglycerin Supplied
Ointments, tablets, sustained release capsules, spray or patches. Field use, tablets or spray of 0.4 mg per dose are preferred.
110
Oral glucose Indications
Hypoglycemia, altered LOC with Hx of diabetes.
111
Oral glucose route of admin.
Oral
112
Oral glucose dosage
15 grams Ped: 15 grams
113
Oral Glucose Therapeutic Effects
Source of glucose that is quickly absorbed.
114
Oral Glucose Contraindications
Inability to swallow or protect airway.
115
Oral Glucose Side Effects
(Blank)
116
Oral Glucose Special Notes/Restrictions
Takes a long time to get into the system.
117
Oral Glucose Supplied
15 gr gel filled tube
118
Oxygen Indications
Any condition in which hypoxemia may be present.
119
Oxygen route of admin.
Inhalation
120
Oxygen dosage
15 liters per min NRB mask Ped: 15 liters/min NRB mask blow-by.
122
Oxygen Contraindications
None
123
Oxygen Supplied
As a compressed gas
124
Nitrous Oxide Route
Inhalation
125
Nitrous Oxide Dosage
Demand mask.
126
Nitrous Oxide Contraindications
Collapsed lung, tension pneumothorax, COPD
127
Nitrous Oxide Side Effects
Nausea, dizziness, hypotension, respiratory depression.

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