Aerobic Fitness

Question 1

What is CR fitness?

Answer 1

The ability to complete moderate-high intensity exercise using larger muscle groups for a prolonged period of time.

Question 2

what is VO2max?

Answer 2

Functional ability of the CR system

or the rate of oxygen uptake during maximal exercise

Question 3

Are power and capacity the same?

Answer 3

No. Power is time based and capacity is the total volume of work you can do.

Question 4

What is the difference between VO2max and VO2peak?

Answer 4

VO2max plateaus and is maintained for several minutes
VO2peak has no plateau and is not maintained
-used more for describing the intensity of the task.

Question 5

What kind of relationship is there between workload and VO2?

Answer 5

Linear

Question 6

What is the relationship between body weight and VOmax?

Answer 6

they are inversely proportional for relative VO2max

Question 7

T or F. Larger people will have a higher absolute VO2max

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What age groups are at moderate risk if they have 2 or more risk factors identified on the PAR-Q?

Answer 8

Men >/= 45 and women >/= 55.

Question 9

Who is classified as high risk during maximal and sub-maximal tests?

Answer 9

any individuals with one or more signs or symptoms of CV and pulmonary disease.

Question 10

Name two direct measure tests.

Answer 10

Treadmill and ergometer

Question 11

Name 5 indirect measurement tests.

Answer 11

mCaft, 20mSR, 1.5 mile run, Bruce treadmill test, Ebbeling treadmill test, Astrand cycle test,
YMCA cycle test.

Question 12

What are the assumptions between HR, PO, and VO2 for indirect tests?

Answer 12

That they are direct and linear in relation between each other.

Question 13

What are the assumptions for sub-maximal indirect predictions for VO2?

Answer 13

They assume that after the sub-max is reached that the VO2 or HR will continue along the same slope.

Question 14

What are a few characteristics of a good maximal test?

Answer 14

• VO2 plateaus
• HR plateau
• RER> 1.14
• Venous lactate >8mmol/L
• RPE >17
• Volitional fatigue

Question 15

What is a good way of increasing anaerobic threshold?

Answer 15

interval training

Question 16

what are the ranges for O2 and CO2 percentages in the calibration gas?

Answer 16

15-17% O2

3-5% CO2

Question 17

What does STPD stand for?

Answer 17

Standard Temperature (0 degrees celcius), Pressure (760 mmHg), Dry (No water vapour)

Question 18

What does BTPS stand for?

Answer 18

Body Temperature (37 degrees), ambient Pressure, Saturated with water vapour

Question 19

What does ATPS stand for?

Answer 19

Ambient temperature (~20 degrees), ambient pressure, Saturated

Question 20

What are the Pros to Direct treadmill and cycle erg maximal tests?

Answer 20

Lots of comparative research
Set protocol - known to be valid and reliable
Motivation possible
Automatic controls
Other info possible (eg. RER)

Question 21

What are the Cons to Direct treadmill and cycle erg maximal tests?

Answer 21

VO2max tends to be 10% lower for cycle compared to the treadmill for regular population
Intimidating for non-athletic pop.
Expensive
Time consuming
Assuming peak is max if no plateau is observed
Highly electronic
Assumes client is able to physiologically push to max

Question 22

What is the population best suited for a direct treadmill and cycle erg max test?

Answer 22

Athletic populations for who the results are meaningful

Clinical because you have accurate results and it allows for other measures during a stress test

Question 23

What are the pros to Cooper’s 1.5 mile run?

Answer 23

Research available for norms
Good for diverse populations and large groups
Can obtain a field max HR
Inexpensive
portable
Faster turnover
Competition provided by a large group
Measures performance/ability to achieve high levels of effort

Question 24

What are the cons to Cooper’s 1.5 mile run?

Answer 24

No universal surface
Not as much extra information
Learning curve to the pacing
Self measure of HR
Predictor
Running is not safe for everyone

Question 25

What are the assumptions made in Cooper's 1.5 mile run?

Answer 25

Clients are going to volitional fatigue The person with the higher VO2 will be the fastest in performance Efficiency of anthropometrics are equal Efficiency biomechanics are equal

Question 26

What is the best suited population for Cooper's test?

Answer 26

Athletic/active, large pop. such as teams, educational settings, occupational settings

Question 27

Pros for the mCaft.

Answer 27

Inexpensive Portable Submaximal - accessible for many fitness levels Easy to administer More of an everyday functional movement than running/cycling

Question 28

Cons for the mCaft

Answer 28

The music - HAHAHA Not suitable for low flexibility, balance Clients with no rhythm Submaximal prediction Not as easy for the client to understand connection to fitness

Question 29

Assumptions with mCaft

Answer 29

Assuming a linear relationship between HR and VO2 at every intensity level Assuming we know work rates HR reflects the workload Norm values are representative Calves do not fatigue before energy system

Question 30

Population best suite for mCaft

Answer 30

Occupational and educational setting Not great for elderly or very athletic people good alternative to running or cycling

Question 31

Pros for 20mSR

Answer 31

``` large groups can be tested at once relates well to lots of sports inexpensive and portable norms available competitive easy protocol can measure max HR ```

Question 32

Cons for 20mSR

Answer 32

Timing and pacing can be difficult for some Need a large space motivation plays a role Learning curve requires referees for the lines underpredicts for high VO2, overpredicts for low VO2 Reputation

Question 33

Assumptions with 20mSR

Answer 33

VO2 and work rate have a linear relationship True VO2 is reached Good performance is due to high VO2 and not another factor

Question 34

Population best suited for the 20mSR

Answer 34

Athletic population, large groups (teams), not suitable for injuries (knee and ankle)

Question 35

Pros for Ebbeling Treadmill test

Answer 35

Low risk only 8 minutes Walking

Question 36

Cons for Ebbeling treadmill test

Answer 36

predictive based on assumptions Expensive No rhythm required Equations based on categories that are undefined Requires a trained professional administer

Question 37

Assumptions with the Ebbeling test

Answer 37

Age-predicted HRmax Walking speed based on gender, age and fitness level Relationship between HR and VO2 is linear " " HR and work rate is linear Steady state is achieved before measuring HR Differences in HR is due to fitness not efficiency of movement

Question 38

Population best suited for Ebbeling test

Answer 38

``` clinical occupational educational good for non-athletes, non-active pop. Injured Elderly ```

Question 39

What are 4 assumptions made for submaximal tests?

Answer 39

1. Steady state HR is achieved and is consistent for each exercise work rate. 2. Linear relationship of HR and VO2 3. Mechanical efficiency is constant among individuals 4. HRmax for clients of a given age is similar

Question 40

What is the actual relationship of HR and VO2

Answer 40

It is linear for low to moderate exercise and becomes curvilinear at high work rates.