Affective Disorders

Question 1

name the three domains depression can be thought of?

Answer 1

psychological
physical
social

Question 2

what is perplexity?

Answer 2

inability to deal with or understand something

Question 3

what is anhedonia ?

Answer 3

inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities.

Question 4

what is agoraphobia ?

Answer 4

type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed

Question 5

what is IDEAS OF REFERENCE ?

Answer 5

for example, thinking a group of random people are laughing at you across the street

Question 6

what physical changes occur with depression?

Answer 6

change in
energy 
sleep 
appetite 
libido 
constipation 
pain 
slowed psychomotor function

Question 7

what social affects does depression have?

Answer 7

anhedenia 
irritability 
apathy 
loss of concentration 
withdrawal

Question 8

what is agitation ?

Answer 8

state of restless overactivity, aimless or ineffective

Question 9

what is apathy ?

Answer 9

loss of interest in own surroundings

Question 10

what is depression?

Answer 10

an unpleasant emotion in which sadness or unhappiness predominates

Question 11

what is stupor?

Answer 11

state of extreme retardation in which consciousness is intact - rare

Question 12

how long does depression need to be present for a diagnosis to be made?

Answer 12

2 weeks

Question 13

what is the ICD-10 criteria for depression diagnosis ?

Answer 13

last 2 week
no hypomanic or manic episodes
no psychoactive substance use

Question 14

what criteria is there for somatic syndrome depression?

Answer 14

anhedonia 
lack of emotional response 
waking 2 hrs before normal time 
worse in mornings 
marked loss of appetite 
marked loss of libido

Question 15

what medication can be used for depression?

Answer 15

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
tricyclic antidepressants
monamine oxidase inhibitors

Question 16

what psychological therapy is available for depression?

Answer 16

CBT (cognitive behaviour therapy)
IPT
family therapy

Question 17

what physical therapy is available for depression?

Answer 17

ECT (electro convulsant therapy)
DBS (deep brain stimulation)
VNS (vagus nerve stimulation)

Question 18

what measurement tools are available for depression?

Answer 18

SCID

SCAN

Question 19

what condition is characterised by mania or hypomania?

Answer 19

bipolar disorder

Question 20

what is mania ?

Answer 20

elevated mood

Question 21

what is mania often associated with?

Answer 21

grandiose ideas
disinhibition
loss of judgement

Question 22

what are grandiose ideas?

Answer 22

thinking you are superior to others

Question 23

what criteria is required for hypomania diagnosis ?

Answer 23

mild elevation of mood for several days
increased sociability, talkativeness, sexual energy
decreased need for sleep
concentration decreased

Question 24

what is hypomania?

Answer 24

lesser degree of mania, no psychosis

Question 25

what criteria is required for mania diagnosis?

Answer 25

``` 1 week of work and social activity disruption elevated mood and increased energy disinhibition grandiosity extravagant spending ```

Question 26

state some differential diagnosis of mania?

Answer 26

``` mixed affective state schizophrenic disorder cyclothymia ADHD drugs and alcohol ```

Question 27

what tools to measure symptoms of mania?

Answer 27

SCID | SCAN

Question 28

state 4 options of treatment for mania?

Answer 28

``` antipsychotics - olanzapine mood stabilisers - sodium valproate lithium ECT ```

Question 29

what does BAD stand for?

Answer 29

bipolar affective disorder

Question 30

what criteria has to be present for bipolar to be diagnosed ?

Answer 30

repeated 2 episodes of depression and mania/hypomania

Question 31

what is the diagnosis of repeated 2 episodes of depression?

Answer 31

recurrent depression

Question 32

what is the diagnosis of repeated 2 episodes of mania/hypomania?

Answer 32

hypomania or bipolar disorder

Question 33

what is the mean onset age of bipolar disorder?

Answer 33

21

Question 34

what gender is more affected by bipolar disorder/

Answer 34

M=F

Question 35

what is the mean age of onset for depression?

Answer 35

27

Question 36

is there an association of social status and depression?

Answer 36

no

Question 37

how long does major depression episode usually last

Answer 37

4-6months

Question 38

how long does bipolar disorder episode usually last

Answer 38

1-3months

Question 39

are affective disorders recurrent and disabling ?

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

is depression or mania more common?

Answer 40

depression