African Art Final

Question 1

Kongo Kings

Answer 1

1. engraving by Olfert Dapper which showed the beginning contact between them and the portugese; 1642
2. Italian engraver for the edited verstion of Cavazzi’s original account created the visual interpretation of Garcia II welcoming the missionary
3. the Cavazzi are among the earliest based on eyewitness accounts of African life witnessed by a Euro
4. portrait of Garcia II the boy could be his son due to Garcia touching his right shoulder and wearing the same beaded choker and colored sash
   5.

Question 2

Kongo Kingdom

Question 3

Kongo diplomats

Answer 3

1. bust of Emanuele ne vunda in the palazzo de quirnale rome
2. ne vunda, kingdom of kongo & the embassy of hasekura painted by agostino
3. sala dei corazzieri palazzo de quirnale
4. oil on paper illustrations show the typiical dress of ambassadors to the ports
   5.

Question 4

Nikisi figures

Answer 4

1. containers associated w/ spiritual forces that have a protective function
2. represents intermediary forces associated w/ nature or universe and ancestors
3. ritual specialist have the authority to empower these using materials from nature
4. appearance of priests corresponds to the appearance of these
5. priests activate them by driving nails or blades into its body
6. Nikisi Nkondi- the hunter; considered particularly aggressive
   7- Nkondi would have dogs with them as hunting partners
7. the dogs plays a role of mediating between the living and dead/ seen and unseen
8. two headed dogs include containers of dirt from cemeteries,a mirror, and hoe blades
9. Mangaaka- judicial authority
10. Mangaaka- came about in the later 19th cent in the chiloango river region
11. brings power to make contracts, regulate trade agreements, and settle disputes
12. Minkisi (plural) were de sacralized when they were sold to not cause harm
13. if it is effective, its power accumulate over time
    15

Question 5

Royal mask of Kuba

Answer 5

1. Mwaash aMbooy is a wooden mask that represent Woot; royal power and prestige
2. Mukenga is a royal variant of the Mwaash; are performed at funeral ceremonies of high ranking men
3. Ngady aMwaash- portrays Mweel, Woot’s sister; often performed with Mwaash
4. Ngady- Mweel is called the pawn woman of Mwaash due to her complicated relationship to male authority
5. Bwoom- speaks for the common man; has a bulging forehead

Question 6

Ndop statues

Answer 6

1. are royal portraits carved out of wood
2. would wear a beaded cloth crown called a shody
3. are rubbed with oil to bring out its reddish color=fertility
4. feature an emblem chosen by the king to symbolize his reign
5. normally represent a king sitting crossed legged on a rectangular base

Question 7

Kuba textile tradition

Answer 7

1. influence architectural design, design on sacred and secular objects, and scarification patterns
2. highly regarded prestige items that are used for tribute to the king, currency in trade, part of a dowry, etc
3. Men creates the clothes using raffia palm trees, and women embroider the cloth
   4.designs are not mapped prior to being embroidered
4. appliques are used to repair holes in the textile

Question 8

Wene

Answer 8

founder of the Kongo from 13th century

Question 9

The Jagas

Question 10

King Nzinga

Question 11

Manikongo

Answer 11

=King; male descendent of the Wene

Question 12

Kikongo

Answer 12

Christian doctrine was translated into this language; Portuguese missionaries wrote the dictionaries and grammars

Question 13

Garcia Afonso II

Answer 13

one of kongo’s important ruler since he was pious and expelled the portuguese from Angola
received an embassy from the dutch in 1642

Question 14

Giovanni Cavazzi da Montecuccolo

Answer 14

Italian capuchin missionary who arrived in Luanda in 1654 visiting Garcia II in the process

Question 15

Chafariz d’el Rey in the Alfama District 1570

Answer 15

art piece; european artists representing the presence of africans in 16th century europe and the americas; depicts outdoor festivities around the square and slaves

Question 16

Antonio Emanuelle ne Vunda

Answer 16

1st african ambassador sent to europe, sent by Alfonso II, to visit Pope Paul V

Question 17

St. Anthony of Padua

Answer 17

portuguese catholic priest/friar of the fransciscan order

Question 18

Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita

Answer 18

traditional healer who may have seen the spirit of St. Anthony
preached that the holy family is kongolese and to not let the portuguese in due to enslavement

Question 19

Oliphant

Answer 19

side-blown horns made of ivory

Question 20

Scenes from the Life of John the Baptist, 1526

Answer 20

a fresco made by Urbino,

Question 21

Chilongo River region

Question 22

The Kuba Kingdom

Answer 22

developed a strong state during the 17th century

Question 23

Bushoong people

Answer 23

migrated from the north during the 16th century

Question 24

Lingala

Question 25

Shyamm Mbul Ngoong/ the Great

Answer 25

outsider who united all the chiefdoms

Question 26

King Leopold II

Answer 26

king od belgium claimed the congo during the partition of africa in 1885; lost control and had the belgian parliament annexed the colony 1908

Question 27

William Shepherd

Answer 27

Black american adventurer, missionary, activist who told the wider world about the human rights abuses and deaths in the congo

Question 28

Chief Maxamalinge

Answer 28

son of Lukenga, king of the Bakuba

Question 29

Woot

Answer 29

founding ancestor

Question 30

Emil Torday

Answer 30

hungarian anthropologist who collected King Mishe's ndop in 1909

Question 31

Applique

Answer 31

discovered by King Mishe, Shyaam Mbul and gifted to the Kuba people during his travels; patches

Question 32

Tcaka

Answer 32

long cloths used for ceremonial skirts

Question 33

Twool

Answer 33

a deep red substance obtained from tropical trees; adopted from the pende; used for funerary cloths

Question 34

Pende People

Answer 34

taught Kuba how to weave textile