AGE Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the recommended oral rehydration solution (ORS) for infants?
Hydrite sachet (unflavored or flavored), dissolved in 200 mL of cool boiled water.
What is acute gastroenteritis (AGE)?
A diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain.
What is the most common cause of AGE in children?
Viruses, accounting for approximately 70% of cases.
Name two common viral causes of AGE.
Rotaviruses and Noroviruses (Norwalk-like viruses).
What percentage of AGE cases in children are caused by bacteria?
10–20%.
What bacterial pathogens commonly cause AGE?
Campylobacter jejuni, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Yersinia.
How can bacteria enter food and cause foodborne AGE?
Through contaminated meat/poultry, untreated water, improper food handling, or unclean cooking utensils.
Name three common food sources that contribute to food poisoning.
Undercooked meat, raw fish, and dairy products left unrefrigerated too long.
What are five key symptoms of bacterial gastroenteritis?
Abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, bloody stools.
How is AGE diagnosed?
Laboratory tests on food samples or stool samples to identify the causative bacteria.
What is the primary goal of treating AGE?
To improve symptoms and prevent dehydration.
When are antibiotics recommended for bacterial gastroenteritis?
Onl prescribed by a doctor, typically for severe cases or bacterial infections.
What is the best way to stay hydrated when experiencing diarrhea?
Drink 8–10 glasses of clear fluids per day and at least 1 cup of liquid after each loose bowel movement.
Which foods help replenish lost potassium?
Bananas, potatoes without skin, watered-down fruit juices.
Why are carbonated drinks discouraged for hydration?
They can worsen dehydration due to high sugar content and gas production.
When should young children receive Pedialyte?
Every loose stool:
Less than 2 years old: 50–100 mL
2 years and older: 100 mL
Older than 10 years: As tolerated
What type of zinc supplementation is recommended for AGE?
E-Zinc drops (10 mg/mL) or syrup (20 mg/5 mL).
Why are antibiotics NOT recommended for uncomplicated AGE?
Because most cases are viral, and antibiotics do not treat viruses.
What probiotic is recommended for AGE management?
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (>10¹⁰ CFU/day for 5–7 days).
What adjunct treatment can be used for diarrhea in the first 3 days?
Racecadotril (e.g., Hidrasec 10 mg/sachet).
What is a key method of preventing AGE transmission?
Proper handwashing with soap and water
What percentage of alcohol should hand sanitizer contain to be effective?
At least 70%.
Why should toilets be regularly cleaned and flushed with the lid down?
To prevent bacterial spread and contamination.
What is a serious complication of AGE that requires immediate medical attention?
Severe dehydration, leading to kidney failure (rare).
