Age of enlightenment and revolutions pt 1.

Question 1

John Locke

Question 2

Economic policy of the Renaissance

Answer 2

Mercantilism

Question 3

Mercantilism

Answer 3

A state-driven economic system that values the build up of wealth with favorable balance of trade
A nation’s power is directly related to its wealth, especially in gold + silver
It maximizes the exports and minimizes the imports

Question 4

Immanuel Kant

Answer 4

Described the focus on reason to understand human behavior an “enlightenment”

Question 5

“immaturity is the inability to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another.”

Answer 5

Immanuel Kant

Question 6

Work by Immanuel Kant

Answer 6

“An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?” (1784)

Question 7

Natural laws

Answer 7

Laws that govern human behavior

Question 8

What angered Americans with enlightenment ideas?

Answer 8

The British passed Navigation Acts that colonist could only trade with them
No taxation without represenation

Question 9

How did the American revolution end?

Answer 9

Treaty of Paris

Question 10

Despot

Answer 10

Monarch who establishes enlightenment reforms

Question 11

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 11

Humans are evil and need powerful government
Social contract that gives power to ruler
“Leviathan”

Question 12

John Locke

Answer 12

Blank slate
Natural rights from birth’Limited government that is obligated to the people
People can overthrow government
“Two treatises on government”
Supported glorious revolution

Question 13

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 13

Checks and balances
One person has too much power = tyranny
“Spirit of laws”

Question 14

Voltaire

Answer 14

Human nature = neutral
Freedom of speech, thought, religion
“I might not agree but I’ll defend your right to speak”
“Candice”

Question 15

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer 15

Social contact/ general will
Humans good but corrupted by society
“The social contract”

Question 16

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 16

“Vindication on the rights of women”

Question 17

Adam smith

Answer 17

Laissez-faire
Humans driven by self interest
Invisible hand
“The wealth of nations”

Question 18

Diderot

Answer 18

Encyclopedia

Question 19

Jethro tull

Answer 19

Seed drill

Question 20

Louis Pasteur

Answer 20

Germ theory -> pasteurization
Rabies vaccine

Question 21

Robert Koch

Answer 21

Tuberculosis cure

Question 22

Joseph Lister

Answer 22

Antiseptic to protect during surgery

Question 23

Malthus

Answer 23

“An essay on the principals of population”
Stop having so many kids, or else they will die of disease or war

Question 24

Malthus

Answer 24

“An essay on the principals of population”
Stop having so many kids, or else they will die of disease or war

Question 25

Otto

Answer 25

Internal combustion engine

Question 26

First automobile?

Answer 26

Benz 3 wheels

Question 27

Daimler

Answer 27

4 wheeled automotives

Question 28

Ford

Answer 28

Faster, cheaper cars and assembly line

Question 29

Orville and Wilbur Wright

Answer 29

First powered flight

Question 30

Morse

Answer 30

Telegraoh

Question 31

Bell

Answer 31

Telephone

Question 32

Marconi

Answer 32

Radio and signals

Question 33

James Watt

Answer 33

Improves on Newcomens steam engine Applicable outside the mine