Age & Sex

Question 1

Robine. (2011). Age patterns in adult mortality.

Answer 1

Gist: Review of historical developments in age patterns of adult mortality, adult longevity revolution, emergence of oldest old population, and directions for future research.

Question 2

Preston & Elo. (2006). Black mortality at very old ages in official US life tables: A skeptical appraisal.

Answer 2

Gist: Examination of white-black mortality crossover among oldest old with limitations regarding data quality.

Question 3

Rogers et al. (2010). Social, behavioral, and biological factors, and sex differences in mortality.

Answer 3

Gist: Examine whether sex differences in mortality are associated with different distributions of risk factors or result from unique relationships between risk factors and mortality for men and women.

Question 4

Preston & Wang (2006). Sex mortality differences in the United states: The role of cohort smoking patterns.

Answer 4

Gist: Sex differences in mortality mainly attributed to sex differences in smoking for earlier cohorts, and it’s expected that the sex gap will narrow as men quit smoking at increased rates compared to women.

Question 5

Case & Paxson. (2005). Sex differences in morbidity and mortality.

Answer 5

Gist: Explaining worse health among women against increased risk of mortality among men.

Question 6

Zajacova. (2006). Education, gender, and mortality: Does schooling have the same effect on mortality for men and women in the US?

Answer 6

Gist: Examine whether effect of education on mortality is different for men and women. Effect of education is comparable between men and women, but only among those who are married.

Question 7

Zajacova & Hummer. (2009). Gender differences in education effects on all-cause mortality for white and black adults in the United States.

Answer 7

Gist: Remaining open question of gender differences in the education-mortality association. Findings are that education-mortality pattern similar between men and women with the exception of steeper education gradient for white men (fully explained by marital status). Black men and women did not have different patterns.

Question 8

Ross, Masters, & Hummer. (2012). Education and the gender gaps in health and mortality.

Answer 8

Gist: Do the associations between education and health and survival differ by sex? Education influences women’s self-rated health more than men’s, but education influences men’s mortality more than women’s. This conditional effect is largest for specific causes of death: lung cancer, respiratory diseases, stroke, homicide, suicide, and accidents.