Agent of Yeast

Question 1

Yeasts are classified into which two groups?
A) Molds and Yeasts
B) Yeasts and Yeastlike fungi
C) Bacteria and Yeasts
D) Fungal spores and Yeast

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which Candida species is the most common pathogen?
A) Candida tropicalis
B) Candida albicans
C) Candida glabrata
D) Candida krusei

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is a major risk factor for Candida infections?
A) High carbohydrate diet
B) Weakened immune system
C) Excessive sweating
D) Poor posture

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What morphology is typical of Candida species?
A) Hyphae only
B) Pseudohyphae and blastoconidia
C) Only yeast-like forms
D) Spore formation

Answer 4

B

Question 5

Candida glabrata can ferment which sugar?
A) Lactose
B) Glucose
C) Trehalose
D) Sucrose

Answer 5

C

Question 6

What is a hallmark sign of failed immunity in HIV patients?
A) Hair loss
B) Thrush
C) Skin rash
D) Fever

Answer 6

B

Question 7

Which condition is associated with an overgrowth of Candida in the mouth?
A) Onychomycosis
B) Thrush
C) Vulvovaginitis
D) Esophagitis

Answer 7

B

Question 8

Which test is used for the rapid identification of Candida albicans?
A) Gram stain
B) Germ tube test
C) PCR test
D) Catalase test

Answer 8

B

Question 9

Which type of infection affects the esophagus?
A) Cryptococcosis
B) Candidal esophagitis
C) Tinea corporis
D) Aspergillosis

Answer 9

B

Question 10

Which factor does NOT contribute to Candida overgrowth in the vagina?
A) High estrogen
B) Antibiotics
C) Low sugar intake
D) Pregnancy

Answer 10

C

Question 11

What type of infection is Candidal diaper dermatitis?
A) Respiratory
B) Skin
C) Gastrointestinal
D) Neurological

Answer 11

B

Question 12

What is the main function of lactobacillus in the vagina?
A) Produce vitamin K
B) Maintain pH balance
C) Break down lactose
D) Aid digestion

Answer 12

B

Question 13

Which Candida species is the second most common?
A) Candida albicans
B) Candida glabrata
C) Candida tropicalis
D) Candida parapsilosis

Answer 13

B

Question 14

Which condition involves a fungal infection of the nails?
A) Paronychia
B) Onychomycosis
C) Intertrigo
D) Candidemia

Answer 14

B

Question 15

What is the primary mode of entry for Cryptococcus infection?
A) Skin contact
B) Inhalation
C) Ingestion
D) Blood transfusion

Answer 15

B

Question 16

Which type of agar is used for differentiating Candida species?
A) Blood agar
B) MacConkey agar
C) CHROMagar Candida
D) Mannitol salt agar

Answer 16

C

Question 17

What is a major virulence factor of Cryptococcus?
A) Capsule
B) Flagella
C) Toxin production
D) Spore formation

Answer 17

A

Question 18

What is the common environmental reservoir of Cryptococcus?
A) Freshwater lakes
B) Pigeon droppings
C) Rotten fruit
D) Fish tanks

Answer 18

B

Question 19

What color does Candida albicans appear on CHROMagar Candida?
A) Pink
B) Green
C) Blue
D) White

Answer 19

B

Question 20

What is a major symptom of cryptococcal meningitis?
A) Diarrhea
B) Skin rash
C) Headache and confusion
D) Joint pain

Answer 20

C

Question 21

What does the India ink stain detect?
A) Bacterial spores
B) Fungal capsule
C) Fungal hyphae
D) Yeast budding

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Which condition is known as “diaper rash”?
A) Intertrigo
B) Candidal diaper dermatitis
C) Onychomycosis
D) Paronychia

Answer 22

B

Question 23

What enzyme is responsible for Cryptococcus’ black colony appearance on Birdseed Agar?
A) Catalase
B) Phenol oxidase
C) Urease
D) Coagulase

Answer 23

B

Question 24

What is the main antifungal treatment for systemic candidiasis?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Amphotericin B
C) Acyclovir
D) Rifampin

Answer 24

B

Question 25

What does the term "phenotypic switching" refer to in Candida? A) Resistance to antifungals B) Change in morphology C) Loss of virulence D) Increase in size

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Which Candida species does NOT produce pseudohyphae? A) Candida albicans B) Candida glabrata C) Candida tropicalis D) Candida krusei

Answer 26

B

Question 27

What test is used to detect chlamydoconidia in Candida albicans? A) Blood culture B) Cornmeal Tween 80 Agar C) KOH test D) Latex agglutination

Answer 27

B

Question 28

What is the distinguishing feature of Candida tropicalis? A) Produces germ tubes B) Produces “pseudo-germ tubes” C) Cannot grow on CHROMagar D) Encapsulated

Answer 28

B

Question 29

What color does Candida tropicalis appear on CHROMagar? A) Green B) Blue C) White D) Yellow

Answer 29

B

Question 30

Which diagnostic test for Cryptococcus involves detecting capsular antigen in CSF? A) India ink stain B) KOH mount C) Gram stain D) Coagulase test

Answer 30

A

Question 31

What condition is characterized by fungal infection around the fingernail? A) Onychomycosis B) Paronychia C) Thrush D) Intertrigo

Answer 31

B

Question 32

Which enzyme helps Cryptococcus evade the immune system? A) Coagulase B) Phenol oxidase C) Urease D) Lipase

Answer 32

B

Question 33

Which Candida species is known for its resistance to fluconazole? A) Candida albicans B) Candida glabrata C) Candida tropicalis D) Candida krusei

Answer 33

D

Question 34

What does a positive germ tube test indicate? A) Presence of Candida albicans B) Presence of Cryptococcus C) Presence of Aspergillus D) Presence of Dermatophytes

Answer 34

A

Question 35

What is the primary route of transmission for Cryptococcus neoformans? A) Skin-to-skin contact B) Inhalation of fungal spores C) Contaminated water D) Ingestion of infected food

Answer 35

B

Question 36

Which test helps differentiate between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis? A) Germ tube test at different temperatures B) Blood culture C) Gram stain D) Coagulase test

Answer 36

A

Question 37

What structure does Candida use to invade host tissues? A) Flagella B) Hyphae C) Capsules D) Endospores

Answer 37

B

Question 38

Which Cryptococcus species is commonly associated with eucalyptus trees? A) Cryptococcus neoformans B) Cryptococcus gattii C) Candida tropicalis D) Candida glabrata

Answer 38

B

Question 39

What is the primary treatment for cryptococcal meningitis? A) Fluconazole B) Itraconazole C) Amphotericin B and Flucytosine D) Nystatin

Answer 39

C

Question 40

Which Candida species is commonly associated with urinary tract infections? A) Candida tropicalis B) Candida glabrata C) Candida parapsilosis D) Candida krusei

Answer 40

B

Question 41

What condition does Candida cause in the intertriginous areas of the body? A) Tinea versicolor B) Intertrigo C) Athlete’s foot D) Psoriasis

Answer 41

B