Agglutination

Question 1

• It is actually a foreign substance

Answer 1

Antigen

Question 2

• Substance that is produced against the antigen

Answer 2

Antibody

Question 3

• particulate antigens are linked together with its corresponding
antibodies

Answer 3

Agglutination

Question 4

• Used as indicator cells

Answer 4

Red cell suspension

Question 5

• Demonstrates Ag-Ab reactions

Answer 5

Red cell suspension

Question 6

soluble which is difficult to see

Answer 6

Ag-Ab reaction

Question 7

Specific specimen of the RCS

Answer 7

Anti-coagulated blood
(purple=EDTA=anticoagulant)
Packed RBC(after centrifugation)

Question 8

Preparation of Red Cell Suspension

Answer 8

Wash 3x for 5 mins 1500 rpm

Question 9

What does washing remove

Answer 9

Cytokines
Unwanted antibodies that may interfere with antigen-antibody reaction.
Micro-aggregates,
Plasma

Question 10

What will the antibodies that are still present cause?

Answer 10

Premature reaction rxn

False negative rxn

Question 11

• An isotonic solution
• Preserves the morphology of RBCs
• Preferred because of economical advantage

Answer 11

NSS (0.9% Normal Saline Solution)

Question 12

Other suspending agents

Answer 12

PBS (Phosphate Buffer Saline)

Question 13

Ideal RCS

Answer 13

• 2 to 5 % Red Cell Suspension

Question 14

Vital

Answer 14

Thin suspension

Question 15

For microtiter plates

Answer 15

reduce the concentration of RCS

Question 16

not a good indicator cell

Answer 16

Thick suspension

Question 17

First step:

Answer 17

Add 2 drops of whole blood to the wasserman

Question 18

Second step

Answer 18

Wash the Cells 3x with 0.85% NSS

Question 19

Third step

Answer 19

Add NSS until the suspension will

become CHERRY RED color

Question 20

RCS should always be made fresh (using freshly extracted blood)

Answer 20

RCS should always be made fresh (using freshly extracted blood)

Question 21

Shelf life of RCS

Answer 21

Used within 24 hours

Question 22

Preservatives to be used:

Answer 22

Glycerol

Question 23

Process of progressively reducing or lowering the concentration of
solute in a given solution

Answer 23

Serial Dilution

Question 24

Measures the antibody concentrations in test serum

Answer 24

Serial Dilution

Question 25

High titer

Answer 25

high infection/high immunity

Question 26

Varying antigen | Volume of antibody is constant

Answer 26

Alpha | procedure (Dean Webb procedure)

Question 27

Varying antibody | Volume of antigen is constant

Answer 27

Beta procedure (Ramon procedure)

Question 28

Excess of antibody/extremely high titer reacting to small amount of antigen HIGH ANTIBODY

Answer 28

Prozone reaction

Question 29

Excess of antigen/low titer reacting to a very small amount of antibody LOW antibody

Answer 29

Post zone reaction

Question 30

Primary Phenomenon

Answer 30

Sensitization | Binding of Ab to Ag

Question 31

Secondary Phenomenon

Answer 31

Lattice formation | 2 Fab

Question 32

Tertiary Phenomenon

Answer 32

Detected by effect on tissues or cells

Question 33

DF

Answer 33

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