Agriculture

Question 1

How is land classified?

Answer 1

Through the Macaulay Institute Land Classification. This is based on productivity on Scottish Land.

At Glenshero we are land class 5 due to grazing but elsewhere we are land class 6 which isn’t productive land.

Class 1 is the best arable land class 7 is the worst.

Question 2

How is meat graded?

Answer 2

Through the Europ 12345 system for fat and muscle.

Question 3

What lambing % would you expect in the Highlands?

Answer 3

60-100%. At JAHAMA we are 120%

Question 4

What is the sheep stratification system?

Answer 4

Hill ewes to mules, mules to crossed terminal site to fat lambs

Question 5

What is the sheep farming year?

Answer 5

November to tup
February scanning
April lambing
Late August/Sep fat lamb sales

Question 6

What records do you need to keep?

Answer 6

Sheep medicine stock
Sheep medicine administration
Tag replacements
First tags
Births
Deaths
Movements
Sales

Question 7

What tags do sheep need?

Answer 7

Unit selling before 10 month a single tag.

After you need two tags, one needs to be electronic.

Question 8

What happens if you lose a tag?

Answer 8

You replace with red tags

Question 9

When is the BPS deadline?

Answer 9

15th May.
Payment made in Autumn

Question 10

What are BPS regions?

Answer 10

Region 1 - cultivatable ground or PP
Region 2 - hill ground in good order and previous high stocking
Region 3 - upland sheep farms

Question 11

2021 payment rate for entitlements

Answer 11

Region 1 €249 per ha
Region 2 €50 per ha
Region 3 €15 per ha

Question 12

How much does a bale of silage cost?

Answer 12

£20 Or £15 to produce

Question 13

How are sheep prices?

Answer 13

Down this year compared to last. We sold our ewes for around £65 and lambs for around £50

Question 14

What is LFASS

Answer 14

Less favoured Area Support Scheme. Land or remote areas which are difficult to farm and designed for livestock. A minimum amount of stock required. We get payment under category A and have to stock at sound 0.09 LU/ha

Question 15

What is SUSSS?

Answer 15

Scottish Upland Sheep Support Scheme.

Payment for keeping hoggs over the winter.

Application deadline 30th November.

Question 16

What is the herd basis?

Answer 16

Under UK tax law, a farmer can adopt the basis where tax are classed as a fixed asset for tax purposes.

Question 17

What is the non herd basis?

Answer 17

Seen as business stock not assets

Question 18

What is a store lamb?

Answer 18

Buy to put weight on and sell fat

Question 19

What is a weather lamb

Answer 19

Castrated male tup

Question 20

What is a Hogg?

Answer 20

From New Year to 1 year old

Question 21

What’s a gimmer?

Answer 21

1 year old to first lamb

Question 22

What’s a draft ewe

Answer 22

Sold off the hill for breed or feed aged 3/4 crop

Question 23

What are cast ewes?

Answer 23

Mutton

Question 24

What are current cattle prices?

Answer 24

430p per Kg deadweight

Question 25

What is the SUSSS payment rate?

Answer 25

A flat rate per animal decided in April based on number of applications

Question 26

What is the LFASS payment?

Answer 26

Based on area type and payable area. Standard rate is £52 per hectare.

Question 27

What is the price of wheat

Answer 27

£400 per tonne

Question 28

What is the price of barley

Answer 28

£375 per tonne

Question 29

What is the price of fert?

Answer 29

Prices have soared, in April amonium nitrate was £1000 a tonne when previously it was £280 a tonne

Question 30

Agricultural trends

Answer 30

War in Ukraine has made production very expensive Brexit has meant a lack of workers and again more expensive inputs New competition including US and NZ New BPS system next year which will mean more environmental schemes and paid more by head basis

Question 31

What is APR?

Answer 31

Agricultural property relief

Question 32

Explain the process of growing a crop from stubble to stubble

Answer 32

Plough late autumn Drill and spray with fert and herbicide Apply nitrogen in winter Fungicide in spring Harvest in summer

Question 33

What happened to the single farm payment in 2015?

Answer 33

It changed to bps

Question 34

How much grain storage is needed on a 500 acre arable farm

Answer 34

Barley 2537m2

Question 35

What is the price of spring barley

Answer 35

£242.89

Question 36

What is the price of wheat

Answer 36

£269

Question 37

What is the price of OSR

Answer 37

£532

Question 38

What is the price of beans

Answer 38

£297

Question 39

What is the price of peas

Answer 39

£286

Question 40

What is a typical crop rotation

Answer 40

Winter barley Oil seed rape Wheat Wheat Grass

Question 41

What is the price of barley straw

Answer 41

£80/T

Question 42

What would you grow after barley

Answer 42

Oil seed rape

Question 43

What factors should be considered when growing tatties

Answer 43

Soil depth, soil type, drainage and PH

Question 44

What is unexhaused manure

Answer 44

Unused manure

Question 45

What grasses are found in Permanent pasture

Answer 45

White clover Timothy Ryegrass

Question 46

What is a partial budget

Answer 46

Used to calculate the financial effect of changing one aspect of the business

Question 47

What is BPS region 1 payment rate?

Answer 47

£147

Question 48

What is the region 2 payment rate?

Answer 48

£32

Question 49

What is the region 3 payment rate

Answer 49

£9.49

Question 50

What is the price per m square for building a general purpose shed?

Answer 50

£150

Question 51

How much space would you need to store 25 cattle

Answer 51

200m2

Question 52

When was the foot and mouth outbreak

Answer 52

2001

Question 53

What is the antrobous case?

Answer 53

Where a new system was brought in to analyse if a farmhouse is eligible for agriculture relief. Need to see the history of the house, if it is proportionate and works for the business